Abstract
In view of the absence or insufficiency of tropical cyclone (TC) turbulence parameters in current design standards of wind turbines, in this paper, TC turbulence parameter models with roughness length involved are developed based on six landfall TCs observed from meteorological towers located on various underlying surfaces, so as to provide references for the wind turbine design under TC conditions. Firstly, the roughness length values are examined in order to reduce the effect on turbulence parameters of the various underlying surfaces. On this basis, the reference turbulence intensity is normalized by the roughness length. The related turbulence parameters are parameterized, including the turbulence standard deviation and the turbulence spectrum; and the turbulence parameters available under TC conditions for turbulence turbine design are presented finally. Comparisons of the wind parameter models presented in this paper with those used in current turbine design standards suggest that the former can represent TC characteristics more accurately. In order to withstand TCs, we suggest that the turbulence parameter models recommended in this paper be included in future wind turbine design standards under TC conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amirinia, G., and S. Jung, 2016: Time domain analysis of unsteady aerodynamic forces on a parked wind turbine tower subjected to high winds. Proceedings of the 8th International Colloquium on Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Applications, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA, 22–32.
ASCE/SEI 7–10, 2010: Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures. American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, USA, 608 pp.
Cao, S. Y., Y. Tamura, N. Kikuchi, et al., 2009: Wind characteristics of a strong typhoon. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 97, 11–21, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.10.002.
Chen, R. S., 2002: Typhoon. Fujian Science & Technology Press, Fuzhou, 686 pp. (in Chinese)
GB/T 18710-2002, 2004: Methodology of Wind Energy Resource Assessment for Wind Farm. Standards Press of China, Beijing, 19 pp. (in Chinese)
GB/T 19201-2006, 2006: Grade of Tropical Cyclones. Standards Press of China, Beijing, 7 pp. (in Chinese)
GB/T 184511-2012, 2016: Wind Turbine Generator Systems— Design Requirements. Standards Press of China, Beijing, 61 pp. (in Chinese).
Gill Instruments Ltd., 2016: WindMaster™ and WindMaster™ Pro User Manual. Issue 9, March 2016, 68 pp. [Available online at https://doi.org/gillinstruments.com/data/manuals/windmaster-windmaster-pro-manual.pdf?iss=8.201512508].
Gong, X., R. Zhu, and L. S. Chen, 2019: Characteristics of near surface winds over different underlying surfaces in China: Implications for wind power development. J. Meteor. Res., 33, 349–362, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-019-8126-x.
Huang, L. H., L. L. Song, G. Li, et al., 2015: Variation characteristics of regional synchronous wind in Hami, Xinjiang of Northwest China. J. Meteor. Res., 29, 344–357, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-015-0193-z.
Li, L. X., A. Kareem, Y. Q. Xiao, et al., 2015: A comparative study of field measurements of the turbulence characteristics of typhoon and hurricane winds. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 140, 49–66, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.12.008.
Li, Q. S., Y. Q. Xiao, C. K. Wong, et al., 2004: Field measurements of typhoon effects on a super tall building. Eng. Struct., 26, 233–244, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.09.013.
Lorsolo, S., J. A. Zhang, F. Jr. Marks, et al., 2010: Estimation and mapping of hurricane turbulent energy using airborne Doppler measurements. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 3656–3670, doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3183.1.
QX/T 74-2007, 2007: Regulations for Data Inspection and Correction of Wind Power Plant Meteorological Observation. Standards Press of China, Beijing, 14 pp. (in Chinese)
Schroeder, J. L., D. A. Smith, R. E. Peterson, et al., 1998: Variation of turbulence intensities and integral scales during the passage of a hurricane. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 77–78, 65–72, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6105(98)00132-9.
Sharma, R. N., and P. J. Richards, 1999: A re-examination of the characteristics of tropical cyclone winds. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 83, 21–33, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6105(99)00058-6.
Song, L. L., Q. S. Li, W. C. Chen, et al., 2012: Wind characteristics of a strong typhoon in marine surface boundary layer. Wind Struct., 15, 1–15, doi: https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2012.15.1.001.
Song, L. L., W. C. Chen, B. L. Wang, et al., 2016: Characteristics of wind profiles in the landfalling typhoon boundary layer. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 149, 77–88, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.11.008.
Wang, B. L., F. Hu, and X. L. Cheng, 2011: Wind gust and turbulence statistics of typhoons in South China. Acta Meteor. Sinica, 25, 113–127, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-011-0009-8.
Wang, B. L., L. L. Song, and W. C. Chen, 2013: Drag coefficient during strong typhoons. Adv. Meteor., 650971, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/650971.
Worsnop, R. P., G. H. Bryan, J. K. Lundquist, et al., 2017: Using large-eddy simulations to define spectral and coherence characteristics of the hurricane boundary layer for wind-energy applications. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 165, 55–86, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-017-0266-x.
Xu, Y. L., and S. Zhan, 2001: Field measurements of Di Wang Tower during Typhoon York. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89, 73–93, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6105(00)00029-5.
Zhang, J. A., 2010: Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over the ocean between the outer rain bands. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 918–926, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.610.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41305007, 51678451, and 51778617).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, B., He, Z., Song, L. et al. Improved Calculation of Turbulence Parameters Based on Six Tropical Cyclone Cases: Implication to Wind Turbine Design in Typhoon-Prone Areas. J Meteorol Res 33, 895–904 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-019-8174-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-019-8174-2