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Changement climatique : proposition d’une cartographie des risques pour la santé et la médecine d’urgence en France

Climate change: Proposal of a risk mapping for health and emergency medicine in France

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Annales françaises de médecine d'urgence

Résumé

Le changement climatique est à l’origine d’une augmentation, au cours des dernières décennies, des températures moyennes de la troposphère et des océans, avec des conséquences sur la fréquence et l’intensité de nombreux phénomènes météorologiques. Ces modifications ont un impact sur de nombreux secteurs de production agricole, élevage et sylvicole, et industrielle, ce qui entraîne des surcoûts considérables pour les nations et une diminution des revenus des ménages. Ces facteurs économiques sont responsables d’une diminution des conditions de vie et de l’accès à la santé, notamment pour les populations les plus précaires. Les risques pour la santé des populations sont considérables. Établir une cartographie des risques est une étape indispensable à la mise en place de procédures de gestion des crises sanitaires prévisibles dans le but de réduire leur fréquence et leur impact sur la population. Nous décrivons ici les risques déjà constatés et potentiels en France, sur la population générale et sur les populations les plus fragiles, notamment les risques liés aux phénomènes climatiques, les atteintes respiratoires et cardiovasculaires possibles, et les risques infectieux, notamment le risque de zoonoses.

Abstract

In the recent decades, climate change is responsible for the increase in the average temperature of the troposphere and oceans, having consequences on the frequency and intensity of many weather events. These changes have an impact on many economic sectors, agricultural, livestock, forestry, and industry, that lead to considerable extra costs for the nations and a decrease in household income and are the cause of reduced access to health especially for the most vulnerable populations. Health risks for exposed populations are considerable. Establishing a risk map is an essential step in the development of management procedures for predictable health crises to reduce their frequency and impact. Here, we describe the risks already identified and potential on the general population and on the most vulnerable populations in France, including risks related to climate phenomena, possible respiratory and cardiovascular damage, and infectious risks, including the risk of zoonosis.

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Casalino, E., Choquet, C., Wargon, M. et al. Changement climatique : proposition d’une cartographie des risques pour la santé et la médecine d’urgence en France. Ann. Fr. Med. Urgence 7, 22–29 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13341-016-0695-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13341-016-0695-z

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