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Variability of male and female pistachio genotypes with morphological and dominant DNA markers

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Abstract

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is one of the most economic nuts in the world. Identification of superior pistachio genotypes based on their genetic diversity can be used to introduce superior pistachio cultivars. In a primary evaluation, 40 superior pistachio genotypes (20 male and 20 female) were selected from an open-pollinated population with 800 genotypes. Twenty dominant DNA markers (10 ISSRs and 10 RAPDs) were used to estimate the genetic distance between selected pistachio genotypes and five local pistachio cultivars. The results showed that the ISSR primers produced 227 polymorphic bands ranged from 16 (S.14) to 27 (UBC.886) in microsatellite loci. 213 polymorphic bands (96% polymorphism) are achieved from 10 RAPD primers. The number of amplified bands in RAPD primers ranged from 12 (OPK02) to 28 (BD12). The selected ISSR and RAPD markers divided the male and female pistachio genotypes and classified all genotypes into three major groups. The commercial pistachio cultivars, as well as female genotypes, were identified in distinct groups in cluster analysis. The results indicated that the male and female pistachio genotypes were placed in separate groups despite similar parents, which can be attributed to recombination suppression in the sex regions. The studied pistachio genotypes showed great genetic variations, which can be implemented to select male cultivars or parents in pistachio breeding programs.

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Abbreviations

ISSR:

Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat

RAPD:

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

AvIb:

Average band informative

Rb:

Resolving power

PCA:

Principal component analysis

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the editor in chief and the anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions and useful comments that improved the paper content substantially. The authors are grateful for the support provided by the Shahrood University of Technology and Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Semnan Province, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

    Samira Neishabouri

  2. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

    Mehdi Rezaei

  3. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

    Parviz Heidari

  4. Pistachio Research Station, Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Semnan Province, Damghan, Iran

    Hossien Hokmabadi

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  1. Samira Neishabouri
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Correspondence to Mehdi Rezaei.

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Neishabouri, S., Rezaei, M., Heidari, P. et al. Variability of male and female pistachio genotypes with morphological and dominant DNA markers. Nucleus 65, 25–34 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-021-00358-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-021-00358-z

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