Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Improving the Health of Cisgender Men Who Identify as Bisexual: What Do They Want from Interventions?

  • Published:
Sexuality Research and Social Policy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Self-identified bisexual men are at increased risk for negative health outcomes, but there are no interventions tailored to their unique needs. In order to develop interventions for this population, it is first necessary to understand their preferences. As part of a larger study, 128 cisgender men who identified as bisexual reported on their preferences for different intervention components. Large proportions of participants prioritized addressing both health (e.g., mental health, HIV/STI) and psychosocial experiences (e.g., dating/relationships, discrimination/victimization). A slightly larger proportion of participants preferred an intervention for gay and bisexual men together compared to an intervention for bisexual men only. However, those who reported more discrimination and recent female sexual partners were more likely to prefer an intervention for bisexual men only. Larger proportions of participants preferred a group intervention compared to an individual intervention and an in-person intervention compared to an online intervention. These findings highlight the importance of addressing both health and psychosocial experiences in tailored interventions for self-identified bisexual men. Further, while in-person and group interventions may appeal to larger proportions of self-identified bisexual men, the appeal of an intervention for gay and bisexual men together compared to an intervention for bisexual men only may depend on individual and social/contextual factors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bostwick, W. B., & Dodge, B. (2018). Introduction to the special section on bisexual health: Can you see us now? Archives of Sexual Behavior., 48, 79–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1370-9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brewster, M. E., & Moradi, B. (2010). Perceived experiences of anti-bisexual prejudice: Instrument development and evaluation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57, 451–468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brewster, M. E., Moradi, B., Deblaere, C., & Velez, B. L. (2013). Navigating the borderlands: The roles of minority stressors, bicultural self-efficacy, and cognitive flexibility in the mental health of bisexual individuals. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60, 543–556.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caceres, B. A., Brody, A. A., Halkitis, P. N., Dorsen, C., Yu, G., & Chyun, D. A. (2018). Sexual orientation differences in modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease diagnoses in men. LGBT Health, 5, 284–294.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudoir, S. R., Wang, K., & Pachankis, J. E. (2017). What reduces sexual minority stress? A review of the intervention “toolkit”. Journal of Social Issues, 73, 586–617.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coulter, R. W., Kenst, K. S., Bowen, D. J., & Scout. (2014). Research funded by the National Institutes of Health on the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations. American Journal of Public Health, 104, e105–e112.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, B., Herbenick, D., Friedman, M. R., Schick, V., Fu, T. J., Bostwick, W., & Sandfort, T. G. (2016). Attitudes toward bisexual men and women among a nationally representative probability sample of adults in the United States. PLoS One, 11, 1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, B., Jeffries, W. L. t., & Sandfort, T. G. (2008). Beyond the down low: Sexual risk, protection, and disclosure among at-risk black men who have sex with both men and women (MSMW). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37, 683–696.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, B., Schnarrs, P. W., Goncalves, G., Malebranche, D., Martinez, O., Reece, M., & Fortenberry, J. D. (2012). The significance of privacy and trust in providing health-related services to behaviorally bisexual men in the United States. AIDS Education and Prevention, 24, 242–256.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Eady, A., Dobinson, C., & Ross, L. E. (2011). Bisexual people’s experiences with mental health services: A qualitative investigation. Community Mental Health Journal, 47, 378–389.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Everett, B. G. (2013). Sexual orientation disparities in sexually transmitted infections: Examining the intersection between sexual identity and sexual beahvior. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42, 225–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feinstein, B. A., & Dyar, C. (2017). Bisexuality, minority stress, and health. Current Sexual Health Reports, 9, 42–49.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Feinstein, B. A., Dyar, C., & Pachankis, J. E. (2017). A multilevel approach for reducing mental health and substance use disparities affecting bisexual individuals. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.10.003.

  • Feinstein, B. A., Dyar, C., Li, D. H., Whitton, S. W., Newcomb, M. E., & Mustanski, B. (2018). The longitudinal associations between outness and health outcomes among gay/lesbian versus bisexual emerging adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1221-8.

  • Friedman, M. R., Wei, C., Klem, M. L., Silvestre, A. J., Markovic, N., & Stall, R. (2014a). HIV infection and sexual risk among men who have sex with men and women (MSMW): A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 9, e87139.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. R., Dodge, B., Schick, V., Herbenick, D., Hubach, R., Bowling, J., et al. (2014b). From bias to bisexual health dispartities: Attitudes toward bisexual men and women in the United States. LGBT Health, 1, 309–318.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M. R., Stall, R., Plankey, M., Shoptaw, S., Herrick, A. L., Surkan, P. J., et al. (2017). Stability of bisexual behavior and extent of viral bridging behavior among men who have sex with men and women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46, 903–912.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Funders for LGBTQ Issues. (2016). 2016 tracking report: LGBTQ grantmaking by U.S. foundations. Retrieved from https://www.lgbtfunders.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/2016_Tracking_Report.pdf. Accessed 6 Dec 2018.

  • Harawa, N. T., Williams, J. K., McCuller, W. J., Ramamurthi, H. C., Lee, M., Shapiro, M. F., & Cunningham, W. E. (2013). Efficacy of a culturally congruent HIV risk-reduction intervention for behaviorally bisexual black men: Results of a randomized trial. AIDS, 27, 1979–1988.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Herek, G. M. (2002). Heterosexuals attitudes toward bisexual men and women in the United States. Journal of Sex Research, 39, 264–274.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. (2001) Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. Washington, D.C.

  • James, S. E., Herman, J. L., Rankin, S., Keisling, M., Mottet, L., & Anafi, M. (2016). The report of the 2015 U.S. transgender survey. Washington, DC: National Center for Transgender Equality.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeffries, W. L. t. (2014). Beyond the bisexual bridge: Sexual health among U.S. men who have sex with men and women. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 47, 320–329.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katz-Wise, S. L., Mereish, E. H., & Woulfe, J. (2017). Associations of bisexual-specific minority stress and health among cisgender and transgender adults with bisexual orientation. Journal of Sex Research, 54, 899–910.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lever, J., Kanouse, D. E., Rogers, W. H., Carson, S., & Hertz, R. (1992). Behavior patterns and sexual identity of bisexual males. Journal of Sex Research, 29, 141–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacLeod, M. A., Bauer, G. R., Robinson, M., MacKay, J., & Ross, L. E. (2015). Biphobia and anxiety among bisexuals in Ontario, Canada. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 19, 217–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCabe, S. E., Hughes, T. L., Bostwick, W. B., West, B. T., & Boyd, C. J. (2009). Sexual orientation, substance use behaviors and substance dependence in the United States. Addiction, 104, 1333–1345.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R. C., Davis, K. S., & Galupo, M. P. (2015). Comparing perceived experiences of prejudice among self-identified plurisexual individuals. Psychology & Sexuality, 6, 245–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morandini, J. S., Blaszczynski, A., & Dar-Nimrod, I. (2017). Who adopts queer and pansexual sexual identities? Journal of Sex Research, 54, 911–922.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Movement Advancement Project (2017). A closer look: Bisexual trangsender people. Retrieved from http://www.lgbtmap.org/policy-and-issue-analysis/bisexual-transgender. Accessed 6 Dec 2018.

  • Mustanski, B., Birkett, M., Greene, G. J., Rosario, M., Bostwick, W., & Everett, B. G. (2014). The association between sexual orientation identtiy and behavior across race/ethnicity, sex, and age in a probability sample of high school students. American Journal of Public Health, 104, 237–244.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Newcomb, M. E., Macapagal, K. R., Feinstein, B. A., Bettin, E., Swann, G., & Whitton, S. W. (2017). Integrating HIV prevention and relationship education for young same-sex male couples: A pilot trial of the 2GETHER intervention. AIDS and Behavior, 21, 2464–2478.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Page, E. H. (2004). Mental health services experiences of bisexual women and bisexual men: An empirical study. Journal of Bisexuality, 4, 137–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul, R., Smith, N. G., Mohr, J. J., & Ross, L. E. (2014). Measuring dimensions of bisexual identity: Initial development of the Bisexual Identity Inventory. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1, 452–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, L. E., Salway, T., Tarasoff, L. A., MacKay, J. M., Hawkins, B. W., & Fehr, C. P. (2018). Prevalence of depression and anxiety among bisexual people compared to gay, lesbian, and heterosexual individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sex Research, 55, 435–456.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swann, G., Newcomb, M. E., & Mustanski, B. (2018). Validation of the HIV Risk Assessment of Sexual Partnerships (H-RASP): Comparison to a 2-month prospective diary study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47, 121–131.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vizard, T. (2014). Measuring sexual identity in the United Kingdom. Journal of Bisexuality, 14, 524–543.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (U01DA036939; PI: Mustanski). Brian A. Feinstein’s time was also supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (K08DA045575; PI: Feinstein). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agency.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brian A. Feinstein.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Feinstein, B.A., Dodge, B., Korpak, A.K. et al. Improving the Health of Cisgender Men Who Identify as Bisexual: What Do They Want from Interventions?. Sex Res Soc Policy 16, 385–391 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-019-0380-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-019-0380-2

Keywords

Navigation