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Development of Model for Road Crashes and Identification of Accident Spots

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the safety of multi-lane rural highway in India. This paper shows the application of a generalized linear modeling technique for the analysis of road accidents on the Indian National Highway. Speed, traffic flow and road characteristics data on four-lane dived rural highway in Dahod are analyzed. The study proposes a novel approach to include average daily traffic (ADT) and average spot speed (AS) in the accident prediction model for a rural highway. The model has been developed for accidents per km as a dependent variable and significant variables such as Junction density, village settlement nearby, ADT, AS as independent variables. The findings from the model offer a better estimate of accidents for a multilane divided rural highway. Statistical Models cannot fully reflect the characteristics of each section due to the heterogeneous nature of road accidents, so the association rule mining technique has been used to identify accident spots as it can deal with the heterogeneous nature of accidents. Accident spots have been assessed by correlating various attributes to the severity of the accident (fatal, non-fatal). This research will help to improve road safety on rural highways.

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Abbreviations

ADT:

Average Daily Traffic

AJ:

At Junction

AS:

Average Spot Speed

Bg:

Bridge

C:

Curve

C&I:

Include curve

F:

Fatal

HFO:

Hit Fixed Object

HO:

Head-On

HPV:

Hit Parked Vehicle

HP:

Hit Pedestrian

I:

Straight & Inclined

NA:

Number of Accidents

NC:

Number of Horizontal Curve

NF:

Non-Fatal

NAJ:

Not at Junction

NJ:

Number of Junction

NM:

Number of Median opening

NV:

Number of Villages

ONC:

Overturn-No Collision

RC:

Road Character

RE:

Rear-End

RL:

Road Lighting

SI:

Side-Impact

Sk:

Skidding

SSW:

Sideswipe

S&F:

Straight & Flat

UT:

U-turn

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the opportunity to submit the research work at the 5th Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India held at Bhopal (India) from 18 to 21 December 2019, that forms the basis of this article.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India

    Rejoice Bhavsar, Amit Amin & Laxmansinh Zala

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  1. Rejoice Bhavsar
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  2. Amit Amin
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  3. Laxmansinh Zala
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Correspondence to Rejoice Bhavsar.

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Bhavsar, R., Amin, A. & Zala, L. Development of Model for Road Crashes and Identification of Accident Spots. Int. J. ITS Res. 19, 99–111 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13177-020-00228-z

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