Abstract
The distributed formation control of fractional-order multi-agent systems is mainly studied under directed communication graphs in this paper. Firstly, a control law with relative damping and communication delay are proposed. Then, some sufficient conditions for achieving formation control are derived using matrix theory, graph theory and the frequency domain analysis method. Finally, based on the numerical method of predictor-corrector, several simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Dimarogonas and K. Kyriakopoulos, “On the rendezvous problem for multiple nonholonomic agents,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 916–922, 2007.
Y. K. Ma and H. B. Ji, “Robust control for spacecraft rendezvous with disturbances and input saturation,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 353–360, 2015.
B. S. Park and S. J. Yoo, “Adaptive leader-follower formation control of mobile robots with unknown skidding and slipping effects,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 587–594, 2015.
K. Guruprasad and D. Ghose, “Performance of a class of multi-robot deploy and search strategies based on centroidal voronoi configurations,” International Journal of Systems Science, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 680–699, 2013.
Z. Peng, G. Wen, A. Rahmani, and Y. Yu, “Leader-follower formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots based on a bioinspired neurodynamic based approach,” Robotics and Autonomous Systems, vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 988–996, 2013.
J. Liu, J. Li, J. Bai, and P. Yu, “A tracking method of formation satellites cluster for single-beam and multitarget ttc equipments,” Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, vol. 7002, pp. 110–118, 2011.
F. Lie and T. Go, “A collision-free formation reconfiguration control approach for unmanned aerial vehicles,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1100–1107, 2010.
Y. Jia and W. Zhang, “Distributed adaptive flocking of robotic fish system with a leader of bounded unknown input,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1049–1058, 2014.
G. Wen, Z. Peng, A. Rahmani, and Y. Yu, “Distributed leader-following consensus for second-order multi-agent systems with nonlinear inherent dynamics,” International Journal of Systems Science, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 1–10, 2013.
M. Diao, Z. Duan, and G. Wen, “Consensus tracking of linear multi-agent systems under networked observability conditions,” International Journal of Control, vol. 87, no. 8, pp. 1478–1486, 2014.
J. Fu and J. Wang, “Adaptive consensus tracking of highorder nonlinear multi-agent systems with directed communication graphs,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 919–929, 2014.
Z. Peng, G. Wen, A. Rahmani, and Y. Yu, “Distributed consensus-based formation control for multiple nonholonomic mobile robots with a specified reference trajectory,” International Journal of Systems Science, vol. volume 46, no. 8, pp. 1447–1457, 2015.
Y. Dai and S. Lee, “The leader-follower formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots,” International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 350–361, 2012.
D. Xue, J. Yao, G. Chen, and Y.-L. Yu, “Formation control of networked multi-agent systems,” Control Theory Applications, IET, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 2168–2176, 2010.
Y. Cao, W. Yu, W. Ren, and G. Chen, “An overview of recent progress in the study of distributed multi-agent coordination,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 427–438, 2012.
F. Xiao, L. Wang, J. Chen, and Y. Gao, “Finite-time formation control for multi-agent systems,” Automatica, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 2605–2611, 2009.
L. Peng and M. Ying, “Distributed rotating formation control of multi-agent systems,” Systems, Control Letters, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 587–595, 2010.
K. Oldham and J. Spanier, “The fractional calculus,” Academic, New York, 1974.
M. J. D. Powell, “A fortran subroutine for solving systems of nonlinear algebraic equations,” Numerical Methods for Nonlinear Algebraic Equations, P. Rabinowitz, ed., Ch.7, 1970.
J. Sabatier, O. P. Agrawal, and J. A. Tenreiro Machado, “Advances in fractional calculus: theoretical developments and applications in physics and engineering,” Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2007.
Y. Cao and W. Ren, “Distributed formation control for fractional-order systems: dynamic interaction and absolute/relative damping,” Systems, Control Letters, vol. 59, pp. 233–240, 2010.
J. Machado and A. Azenha, “Fractional-order hybrid control of robot manipulators,” Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1998. 1998 IEEE International Conference, vol. 1, pp. 788–793, 1998.
N. M. F. Ferreira, J. A. T. Machado, and J. K. Tar, “Fractional control of two cooperating manipulators,” IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics, pp. 27–32, 2008.
B. C. Zhang, S. F. Wang, Z. P. Han, and C. M. Li, “Using fractional-order pid controller for control of aerodynamic missile,” Journal of Astronautics, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 653–656, 2005.
Q. Zeng, G. Cao, and X. Zhu, “The effect of the fractionalorder controller’s orders variation on the fractional-order control systems,” Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2002. Proceedings. 2002 International Conference on, vol. 1, pp. 367–372, 2002.
D. Huang, L. Heutte, and M. Loog, “Advanced intelligent computing theories and applications. with aspects of contemporary intelligent computing techniques,” vol. 2, 2008.
C. Tricaud and Y. Q. Chen, “Time-optimal control of systems with fractional dynamics,” International Journal of Differential Equations, vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 16, 2010.
L. Zeng, P. Cheng, L. Wang, and W. Yong, “Robust stability analysis for a class of fractional order systems with uncertain parameters,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 348, no. 6, pp. 1101–1113, 2011.
Y. Cao, Y. Li, W. Ren, and Y. Chen, “Distributed coordination of networked fractional-order systems,” Trans. Sys. Man Cyber. Part B, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 362–370, 2010.
H. Li, “Observer-type consensus protocol for a class of fractional-order uncertain multiagent systems,” Abstract and Applied Analysis, vol. 2012, no. 4, p. 18 pages, 2012.
T. Binazadeh and M. Shafiei, “Output tracking of uncertain fractional-order nonlinear systems via a novel fractionalorder sliding mode approach,” Mechatronics, vol. 23, no. 7, pp. 888–892, 2013.
X. Yin, Y. Dong, and S. Hu, “Consensus of fractional-order heterogeneous multi-agent systems,” Control Theory Applications, IET, vol. 7, pp. 314–322, Jan 2013.
Z. Yu, H. Jiang, and C. Hu, “Leader-following consensus of fractional-order multi-agent systems under fixed topology,” Neurocomputing, vol. 149, no. PB, pp. 613–620, 2015.
X. Liu, B. Xu, and L. Xie, “Distributed containment control of networked fractional-order systems with delaydependent communications,” Journal of Applied Mathematics, vol. 2012, 2012.
H. Yang, X. Zhu, and K. Cao, “Distributed coordination of fractional order multi-agent systems with communication delays,” Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 23–37, 2014.
J. Shen, J. Cao, and J. Lu, “Consensus of fractional-order systems with non-uniform input and communication delays,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering, vol. 226, no. 2, pp. 271–283, 2012.
J. Shen and J. Cao, “Necessary and sufficient conditions for consensus of delayed fractional-order systems,” Asian Journal of Control, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1690–1697, 2012.
J. Bai, G. Wen, A. Rahmani, and Y. Yu, “Distributed formation control of fractional-order multi-agent systems with absolute damping and communication delay,” International Journal of Systems Science, vol. 46, no. 13, pp. 2380–2392, 2015.
Y. Zhao, G. Wen, Z. Duan, X. Xu, and G. Chen, “A new observer-type consensus protocol for linear multi-agent dynamical systems,” Asian Journal of Control, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 571–582, 2013.
I. Podlubny, “Fractional differential equations,” New York, Acdamic Press, 1999.
S. Bhalekar and V. Daftardar-gejji, “A predictor-corrector scheme for solving nonlinear delay differential equations of fractional order,” Journal of Fractional Calculus and Applications, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 1–9, 2011.
S. Bhalekar, “Stability analysis of a class of fractional delay differential equations,” Pramana, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 215–224, 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Recommended by Associate Editor Ho Jae Lee under the direction of Editor Yoshito Ohta. This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant number FRF-TP-16-011A1]; The National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61403019 and 11371049.
Jing Bai received the B.S. degree and master degree at the Department of Mathematical Science, Beijing jiaotong University, China in 2010 and 2012, and the Ph.D. degree at CRIStAL, Ecole Centrale de Lille, France in 2015. She is currently working at School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China. Her research interest focuses on formation control of multi-agent systems, consensus of multi-agent, Chaos control and synchronization.
Guoguang Wen received the B.S. degree at the Department of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, China in 2007, the M.S. degree at the Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, China in 2009, and the Ph.D. degree at CRIStAL, Ecole Centrale de Lille, France, in 2012. Currently, he is working at the Department of Mathematics, School of Science, and Beijing Jiaotong University, China. His research interest focuses on cooperative control for multi-agent systems, control of multi-robots formation, nonlinear dynamics and control, neural networks.
Yu Song received the master degree at the Department of Mathematical Science, Beijing jiaotong University, China in 2012. He is currently working at Weifang Engineering Vocational College, Weifang, China. His research interest focuses on systems control, Chaos control and Lorenz-84.
Ahmed Rahmani received his Ph.D. degree in Automatic Control Engineering and Computer Science from Lille University of Technology and Ecole Centrale de Lille, France in 1993. He is a full professor at Ecole Centrale de Lille now. His current research interests are in graphic methods and tools for analysis and control of complex systems: application to mobile robotics and intelligent transport.
Yongguang Yu received his MS degree at the Department of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, China in 2001, and the PhD degree in Institute of Applied Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China in 2004. From 2007 to 2009, he was a Research Fellow in City University of Hong Kong, China. Since 2010, he has been a Professor at the Department of Mathematics, School of Science, and Beijing Jiaotong University, China. His research interests include chaotic dynamics, Chaos control and synchronization, complex networks, nonlinear control and multi-agent systems.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bai, J., Wen, G., Song, Y. et al. Distributed formation control of fractional-order multi-agent systems with relative damping and communication delay. Int. J. Control Autom. Syst. 15, 85–94 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-015-0132-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-015-0132-x