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Fishing for scavengers: an integrated study to amphipod (Crustacea: Lysianassoidea) diversity of Potter Cove (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)

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Abstract

Amphipoda from the superfamily Lysianassoidea Dana, 1849 play an important role in Southern Ocean benthic food webs due to their high biomass, abundance and predominantly scavenging mode of feeding. Our knowledge on the lysianassoid fauna, even in well-studied areas of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, is incomplete. Here we report the findings of an integrated study of lysianassoid amphipods of Potter Cove, King George Island/Isla 25 de Mayo (KGI), combining morphological and molecular species identification (COI barcoding) methods, investigating more than 41,000 specimens from baited traps. For comparison, 2,039 specimens from the adjacent Marian Cove were analysed. Ten lysianassoid species were recorded in the deeper outer Potter Cove, whereas the inner cove (<50 m) was dominated by a single species, Cheirimedon femoratus Pfeffer, 1888 (99.44% relative abundance). It is hypothesised that the impoverished lysianassoid fauna inside the meltwater-influenced inner cove represents a model for future conditions along the Western Antarctic Peninsula under conditions of increased glacial melting. Abyssorchomene charcoti (Chevreux, 1912) and Orchomenella pinguides Walker, 1903 were recorded in KGI waters for the first time. Furthermore, one new lysianassoid amphipod species of the genus Orchomenella Sars, 1890 is described: Orchomenella infinita sp. n. Seefeldt, 2017. First-time DNA barcode data was established for Cheirimedon femoratus, Hippomedon kergueleni Miers, 1875, Orchomenella rotundifrons K.H. Barnard, 1932 and Orchomenella infinita sp. n.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the DNA/IAA and the staff of Carlini station 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 for logistics and support. We would like to thank particularly E. Barrera-Oro, O. Gonzáles, C. Bellisio, J. Movilla, L. Torre, J. Piscicelli, G. Alurralde for help in the field and lab. A sincere gratitude is owed to D. Abele for supporting this project. Furthermore, we want to thank R. Tollrian for his encouragement and the provision of technical equipment, M. Schweinsberg and K. Lampert for assistance in the laboratories at RUB. We are grateful to K. Jerosch for generating the maps. We thank A. Feuring for her help in sorting some samples. We greatly acknowledge the constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers. The first author particularly expresses her deep gratitude to H. Kiepe and team for support and logistics.

This study was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) with the project TO 171/9-1, HE 3391/7-1 and C. Havermans with the project HA 7627/1-1 funded through the Priority Programme 1158 on Antarctic Research.

The present manuscript also presents an outcome of the EU research network IMCONet funded by the Marie Curie Action International Research Staff Exchange Scheme (FP7 IRSES, Action No. 319718).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Meike Anna Seefeldt

  2. Functional Ecology section, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Meike Anna Seefeldt, Charlotte Havermans & Christoph Held

  3. Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

    Alexander M. Weigand

  4. Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

    Alexander M. Weigand

  5. Marine Zoology, Bremen Marine Ecology (BreMarE), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

    Charlotte Havermans

  6. Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Eugenia Moreira

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Correspondence to Meike Anna Seefeldt.

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Communicated by S. S. M. Kaiser

This article is registered in ZooBank under urn:lsid:zoobank.org: pub:829D1ED2-936D-4121-9D2E-3C65D4BCE63A

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ESM 1

Numbers of lysianassoid amphipod specimens per species and station in Potter Cove and Marian Cove. Yellow outer Potter Cove; blue inner Potter Cove; grey Marian Cove (DOCX 19 kb)

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Seefeldt, M.A., Weigand, A.M., Havermans, C. et al. Fishing for scavengers: an integrated study to amphipod (Crustacea: Lysianassoidea) diversity of Potter Cove (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). Mar Biodiv 48, 2081–2104 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0737-9

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