Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Temporal and spatial variations in the engineering properties of the sediments in Ramganga River, Ganga Basin, India

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Development of infrastructure needs enormous natural Earth materials in the form of coarse and fine river aggregate materials. In India, flood plains of the Himalayan Rivers serve as an important source of river sand, leading to extensive sand mining. River Ramganga, the first major tributary of River Ganga, is one such river. In this study, 28 samples of river sediments across the stretch of the river were collected over two seasons: pre-monsoon and monsoon. The engineering properties of these sediments were studied with respect to the specifications of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) to understand the suitability of their use as fine aggregates in construction. An attempt has also been made in this study to correlate the variability of these properties with respect to the location and time of collection to the Ramganga River Dam at Kalagarh, the contribution of major tributaries, and the effect of monsoon. A pattern emerges from the variation of the physical properties that is explicable by these factors, whereas in general, the variation of the chemical properties does not follow a regular pattern.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alade SM, Olayinka HJ (2012) Investigations into aesthetic properties of selected granites in south western Nigeria as dimension stones. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 7(4):418–427

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ansary M, Pöppelreiter MC, Al-Jabry A, Iyengar SR (2012) Geological and physiochemical characterisation of construction sands in Qatar. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 1(1):64–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amon RMW, Benner R (1996) Photochemical and microbial consumption of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved oxygen in the Amazon River system. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 60(10):1783–1792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson WF, Fair P (2008) Behavior of railroad ballast under monotonic and cyclic loading. J Geotech Geoenviron 134(3):316–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashiquzzaman M, Hossen SB (2013) Cementing property evaluation of recycled fine aggregate. International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science Volume 2(5):63–68

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM C40/C40M-11 (2011) Standard test method for organic impurities in fine aggregates for concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM C123/C123M-14 (2014) Standard test method for lightweight particles in aggregate. ASTM International, West Conshohocken

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM C142/C142M-10 (2010) Standard test method for clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates. ASTM International, West Conshohocken

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM C1152/C1152M-04e2 (2012) Standard test method for acid-soluble chloride in mortar and concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM C1580-09e1 (2009) Standard test method for water-soluble sulfate in soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken

    Google Scholar 

  • Brekke TL, Howard TR (1972) Stability problems caused by seams and faults. Rapid Tunneling & Excavation Conference 1:25–41

  • Bridge JS, Jarvis J (1976) Flow and sedimentary processes in the meandering river South Esk, Glen Clova, Scotland. Earth surface processes 1(4):303–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carey AE, Gardner CB, Goldsmith ST, Lyons WB, Hicks DM (2005) Organic carbon yields from small, mountainous rivers, New Zealand. Geophys Res Lett 32(15)

  • Chen CL (1991) Unified theory on power laws for flow resistance. J Hydraul Eng 117(3):371–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Central Water Commission (2012) Environmental evaluation study of Ramganga major irrigation project. Central Water Commission. Vol 1

  • Das N, Desai DS, Biswas NC (1989) Monsoon season (June-September 1988). Mausam 40:351–364

    Google Scholar 

  • France-Lanord C, Derry LA (1997) Organic carbon burial forcing of the carbon cycle from Himalayan erosion. Nature 390(6655):65–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RP, Joshi BC (1990) Landslide hazard zoning using the GIS approach—a case study from the Ramganga catchment, Himalayas. Eng Geol 28(1):119–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hui Z, Sun W (2011) Study of properties of mortar containing cathode ray tubes (CRT) glass as replacement for river sand fine aggregate. Constr Build Mater 25(10):4059–4064

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ilangovana R, Mahendrana N, Nagamanib K (2008) Strength and durability properties of concrete containing quarry rock dust as fine aggregate. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 3(5):20–26

    Google Scholar 

  • IS: 2386 (Part I) (1963) Particle size and shape. Indian Standard, Method of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, (Part I)

  • IS: 2386 (Part II) (1963) Estimation of deleterious materials and organic impurities. Indian Standard, Method of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, (Part II)

  • IS: 2386 (Part III) (1963) Specific gravity, density, voids, absorption and bulking. Indian Standard, Method of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, (Part III)

  • IS: 2386 (Part V) (1963) Soundness, Indian Standard, Method of Test for Aggregates for Concrete, (Part V)

  • Khan MYA, Chakrapani GJ (2016) Particle size characteristics of Ramganga catchment area of Ganga River. In Geostatistical and Geospatial Approaches for the Characterization of Natural Resources in the Environment, pp 307–312. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-18663-4_47

  • Khan AU, Rawat BP (1992) Quaternary geology and geomorphology of a part of Ganga basin in parts of Bareilly, Badaun, Shahjahanpur and Pilibhit district, Uttar Pradesh. G.S.I.

  • Khan MYA, Hasan F, Panwar S, Chakrapani GJ (2016a) Neural network model for discharge and water-level prediction for Ramganga River catchment of Ganga Basin, India. Hydrol Sci J 61(11):2084–2095

  • Khan MYA, Daityari S, Chakrapani GJ (2016b) Factors responsible for temporal and spatial variations in water and sediment discharge in Ramganga River, Ganga Basin, India. Environ Earth Sci 75(4):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kou SC, Poon CS (2009) Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cem Concr Compos 31(9):622–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manasseh JOEL (2010) Use of crushed granite fine as replacement to river sand in concrete production. Leonardo electronic journal of practices and technologies 17:85–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Rupke J (1974) Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Kumaon Lesser Himalaya. Sediment Geol 11(2):81–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santoni RL, Tingle JS, Webster SL (2001) Engineering properties of sand-fiber mixtures for road construction. J Geotech Geoenviron 127(3):258–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh IB (1996) Geological evolution of Ganga Plain—an overview. Journal of Palaeontological Society, India 41:99–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Valdiya KS (1980) Geology of Kumaun Lesser Himalaya. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, pp 290–291

  • Wand L, Feng DC (2006) Methods for improving using performance of graded broken stone base [J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport 4:007

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkler EM (1994) Stone in architecture: properties, durability; with 63 tables. Springer Science & Business Media, New York, USA, pp 11–95

  • Yoon YS, Won JP, Woo SK, Song YC (2002) Enhanced durability performance of fly ash concrete for concrete-faced rockfill dam application. Cem Concr Res 32(1):23–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YM, Wang HL, Wang XQ, Yang WK, Zhang DY (2006) The microstructure of microbiotic crust and its influence on wind erosion for a sandy soil surface in the Gurbantunggut Desert of Northwestern China. Geoderma 132(3):441–449

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Shaumik Daityari would like to thank the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, for providing research fellowship, the Central Water Commission, Lucknow, Government of India, for providing the data which was necessary for the present work, and Mr. Faaiz, Mr. Ammar, Mr. Akbar, Mr. Iffan, and Mr. Azam for their help in the sampling process.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India

    Shaumik Daityari & Mohd Yawar Ali Khan

Authors
  1. Shaumik Daityari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohd Yawar Ali Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shaumik Daityari.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Daityari, S., Khan, M.Y.A. Temporal and spatial variations in the engineering properties of the sediments in Ramganga River, Ganga Basin, India. Arab J Geosci 10, 134 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-2915-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-017-2915-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation