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Potato Vitamins, Minerals and Phytonutrients from a Plant Biology Perspective

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Abstract

As the link between diet and health becomes increasingly characterized, the nutritional value of foods is being increasingly prioritized by the public. This can create both challenges and opportunities for plant breeding programs and food processing companies. This review will focus on the nutritional composition of potatoes and examine the role potatoes can play in providing global food security. The amounts of vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients in potatoes vary tremendously depending on the cultivar and are also influenced by environment. Potatoes are well known to be good sources of potassium and vitamin C. They also contain an array of other bioactives, including high amounts of phenylpropanoids, compounds known to have diverse health-promoting roles in humans. While potatoes already contain generous amounts of various phytonutrients, by taking advantage of the available extensive germplasm resources, future cultivars can be further improved and provide additional options that help satisfy rapidly evolving consumer preferences and changing market demands.

Resumen

A medida que la asociación entre la dieta y la salud se vuelve cada vez más caracterizada, se incrementa la prioridad del valor nutrimental de los alimentos por el público. Esto puede crear tanto retos como oportunidades para programas de mejoramiento genético y para compañías procesadoras de alimentos. Esta revisión se enfocará en la composición nutricional de las papas y examina el papel que éstas pueden jugar en proporcionar seguridad alimentaria global. Las cantidades de vitaminas, minerales y fitonutrientes en la papa varían tremendamente, dependiendo de la variedad y también están influenciadas por el medio ambiente. Es bien sabido que las papas son buenas fuentes de potasio y vitamina C. También contienen un arreglo de otros bioactivos, incluyendo grandes cantidades de fenilpropanoides, compuestos de los que se conoce que tienen diversas funciones promotoras de la salud en humanos. Mientras que la papa ya contiene generosas cantidades de varios fitonutrientes, tomando la ventaja de las extensas fuentes de germoplasma, las variedades del futuro pueden ser mejoradas aun más y proporcionar opciones adicionales, que ayuden a satisfacer rápidamente las preferencias evolutivas del consumidor y las cambiantes demandas del mercado.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. John Bamberg, USDA-ARS, for providing the photos in Figs. 2a and 3.

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  1. Irrigated Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, 99350, USA

    Duroy A. Navarre & Charles R. Brown

  2. Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 24106 N. Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA, 99350, USA

    Duroy A. Navarre & Charles R. Brown

  3. Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, 97838, USA

    Vidyasagar R. Sathuvalli

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Navarre, D.A., Brown, C.R. & Sathuvalli, V.R. Potato Vitamins, Minerals and Phytonutrients from a Plant Biology Perspective. Am. J. Potato Res. 96, 111–126 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-09703-6

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