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Grading Seed Potato Lots to Remove Tubers with Powdery Scab Damage may not Eliminate the Pathogen Threat

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Abstract

Grading seed tubers is a common practice to remove visually diseased tubers and meet certification standards. This study sought to quantify Spongospora subterranea inocula, the causal agent of powdery scab in eight commercial seedlots prior to and following grading. Pathogen levels generally decreased although the extent of reduction was dependant on the mean disease level within each seedlot, prior to grading. Where mean seedlot disease incidence was high (20 to 40 %) grading was not effective, reducing pathogen levels by only 2-fold (P > 0.05) on the visually disease-free seed following grading which remained a high risk for disease in progeny plants. However, where mean seedlot disease incidence was low (5 to 7 %) grading substantially reduced S. subterranea inoculum (12–23-fold, P < 0.05) on the visually disease-free seed to low risk levels. In further pot and field trials, planting visually disease-free tubers graded from contaminated lines gave variable disease levels in progeny plants, although under conducive conditions resulted in root and tuber disease no different to planting diseased seed.

Resumen

La calificación de tubérculo-semilla es una práctica común para eliminar tubérculos visualmente enfermos y para cumplir con los estándares de certificación. Este estudio buscó la cuantificación del inóculo de Spongospora subterranea, el agente causal de la roña polvorienta, en ocho lotes comerciales de semilla, antes y después de calificarlos. Los niveles del patógeno generalmente disminuyeron, aunque el alcance de la reducción dependió de la media del nivel de enfermedad dentro de cada lote, antes de la calificación. Cuando la media de la incidencia de la enfermedad del lote era alta (20 a 40 %), la calificación no era efectiva, reduciéndose los niveles del patógeno solamente dos veces (P > 0.05) en la semilla visualmente libre de enfermedades después de la calificación, lo que permaneció como un riesgo alto de la enfermedad en las plantas de progenie. No obstante, cuando la media de la incidencia de la enfermedad en el lote era baja (5 a 7 %), la calificación redujo substancialmente al inóculo de S. subterránea (12–23 veces, P > 0.05) en la semilla visualmente libre de enfermedad a niveles bajos de riesgo. En ensayos posteriores en macetas y en el campo, la plantación de tubérculos visualmente libres de la enfermedad calificados de líneas contaminadas, dieron niveles variables de enfermedad en plantas de progenie, aunque bajo condiciones favorables se dio como resultado la enfermedad en raíz y tubérculo sin diferencia con la plantación de semilla enferma.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ross Corkrey for assistance with statistical analysis. We also thank Philip Beveridge, Ann-Maree Donoghue and Leonie White for the collection of seedlot samples and assistance with the visual inspections. The research presented is part of a multi-pronged research drive through the Australian Potato Research Program (Phase 2), funded by Horticulture Australia Limited using the processing potato industry levy and matched funds from the Federal Government. The University of Tasmania/Tasmania Institute of Agriculture has provided in-kind support.

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Tegg, R.S., Thangavel, T., Balendres, M.A. et al. Grading Seed Potato Lots to Remove Tubers with Powdery Scab Damage may not Eliminate the Pathogen Threat. Am. J. Potato Res. 93, 231–238 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9499-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9499-3

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