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Influence of Mercerization on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Composites Reinforced with Amazonian Fiber

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Abstract

Natural fiber has been an attractive alternative as reinforcement in polymeric composites. However, their physical properties can be impaired due to the hydrophilic behavior of the vegetal fibers: the weak bonds at the interface fiber/matrix emerge due to the hydrophobic behavior of some polymeric matrices. This paper aims to evaluate the influence of mercerization process in Leopoldinia piassaba fibers on the physical, mechanical, thermal, morphological, and accelerated aging properties of polyurethane (PU)-based composites produced by the thermoforming process. The experimental design (22+1) was applied considering the parameters NaOH Treatment and %(PU)Resin. The NaOH Treatment consisted of 5 % and 10 % NaOH solution for fibers mercerization, and %(PU)Resin consisted of different amounts of PU (15 %, 17.5 % and 20 %). The mercerization process chemically modified the interface fiber/matrix and improved the resistance of the composite to screw withdraw strength, ranging from 573 N to 1019 N, and from 574 N to 1648 N considering Surface and Top, respectively. According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, the mercerization process also improved the fiber/matrix adherence and reduced pores, resulting in swelling decreasing and thermal conductivity increasing. Furthermore, the mean thickness swelling (TS) value ranged from 6 to 15 % and was not statistically different after accelerated aging. The developed composites containing untreated fibers showed thermal conductivity values similar to the commercial medium density fiberboard (MDF).

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa (PROPESP/UFAM) for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, 69080-900, Brazil

    Virginia Mansanares Giacon & Viviane Siqueira Magalhães Rebelo

  2. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, 69080-900, Brazil

    Gabrielle Machado dos Santos & Edgar Aparecido Sanches

  3. Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA-USP), Pirassununga, São Paulo, SP, 13635-900, Brazil

    Juliano Fiorelli

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, 69080-900, Brazil

    Ângela Mari dos Santos Costella

  5. Laboratory of Amazonian Materials and Composites (LaMAC), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, 69080-900, Brazil

    Virginia Mansanares Giacon, Gabriel Messias Medeiros de Melo & Luiz Matheus Abecassis Ferreira Brito

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  1. Virginia Mansanares Giacon
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  2. Viviane Siqueira Magalhães Rebelo
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  3. Gabrielle Machado dos Santos
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  8. Luiz Matheus Abecassis Ferreira Brito
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Correspondence to Virginia Mansanares Giacon.

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Giacon, V.M., Rebelo, V.S.M., dos Santos, G.M. et al. Influence of Mercerization on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Composites Reinforced with Amazonian Fiber. Fibers Polym 22, 1950–1956 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-021-0460-9

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