Hearing Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A 1 Year Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

(1) To study the prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among chronic renal failure patients. (2) To study the correlation between degree of hearing loss and the duration of chronic renal failure. This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery at KAHER’s Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and KLEs Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi from January 2018 to December 2018. 60 ears (30 patients) with chronic renal failure were included in the study. All 60 ears were subjected to ENT examination, pure tone audiometry and measurement of glomerular filtration rate. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, suppurative otitis media, and other known causes of sensorineural hearing loss were excluded. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss was calculated among the chronic renal failure patients. The correlation, if any, was studied by statistical analysis between SNHL and duration of chronic renal failure, as well as type and degree of hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss was seen in 51.67% of the 60 ears with 18.33% had mixed hearing loss (p < 0.0001). Robust correlation was seen between severity of SNHL and the duration of chronic renal failure. Positive correlation was seen between SNHL and age of the patient. High prevalence of SNHL was seen in the chronic renal failure patients. Long standing cases had tendency of worse hearing levels. Age of the patients also seemed to have a positive correlation with SNHL severity. While evaluating a chronic renal failure patient, auditory impairment should always be kept in mind.