References
Cushing, H., Concerning a definite regulatory mechanism of the vaso-motor centre which controls blood pressure during cerebral compression. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1901;XII(126):290–2.
Cushing H. Physiologische und anatomische Beobachtungen uber den Einfluss von Hirnkompression auf den intracraniellen Kreislauf und uber einige hiermit verwandte Erscheinungen. Mitteilungen aus der Grenzgebieten der Medizin und Chirurgie. 1902;9:773–808.
Cushing, H., Some experimental and clinical observations concerning states of increased intracranial tension. The Mutter Lecture for 1901. Am J Med Sci 1902;124:375–400.
Cushing H. The blood pressure reaction of acute cerebral compression illustrated by cases of intracranial hemorrhage: a sequel to the Mütter Lecture for 1901. Am J Med Sci. 1902;125:1017–44.
Heymans C. The control of heart rate consequent to changes in the cephalic blood pressure and in the intracranial pressure. Am J Physiol. 1928;85:498–505.
Guyenet PG, Brown DL. Unit activity in nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis during cerebral ischemia in the rat. Brain Res. 1986;364(2):301–14.
Jacobson SA, Danufsky P. Marked electrocardiographic changes produced by experimental head trauma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1954;13(3):462–6.
Kaye MP, McDonald RH, Randall WC. Systolic hypertension and subendocardial hemorrhages produced by electrical stimulation of the stellate ganglion. Circ Res. 1961;10:1361–70.
Gauer OH. Volume changes of the left ventricle during blood pooling and exercise in the intact animal; their effects on left ventricular performance. Physiol Rev. 1955;35(1):143–55.
Hawkins WE, Clower BR. Myocardial damage after head trauma and simulated intracranial haemorrhage in mice: the role of the autonomic nervous system. Cardiovasc Res. 1971;5(4):524–9.
Smith RP, Tomlinson BE. Subendocardial haemorrhages associated with intracranial lesions. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1954;68(2):327–34.
Hall RE, Sybers HD, Greenhoot JH, Bloor CM. Myocardial alterations following hypothalamic stimulation in the intact conscious dog. Am Heart J. 1974;88(6):770–6.
Pitts RF, Larrabee MG, Bronk D. Analysis of hypothalamic cardiovascular control. Am J Physiol. 1941;134:359.
van Bogaert A, Selosse P. Role of the cerebral frontal lobe in the etiology of cardiovascular and electrocardiographic reactions of meningeal hemorrhage. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1972;65(3):351–9.
Melville KI, Blum B, Shister HE, Silver MD. Cardiac ischemic changes and arrhythmias induced by hypothalamic stimulation. Am J Cardiol. 1963;12:781–91.
Attar HJ, Gutierrez MT, Bellet S, Ravens JR. Effect of stimulation of hypothalamus and reticular activating system on production of cardiac arrhythmia. Circ Res. 1963;12:14–21.
Kolin A, Norris JW. Myocardial damage from acute cerebral lesions. Stroke. 1984;15(6):990–3.
Novitzky D, Wicomb WN, Cooper DK, Rose AG, Reichart B. Prevention of myocardial injury during brain death by total cardiac sympathectomy in the Chacma baboon. Ann Thorac Surg. 1986;41(5):520–4.
Nayate A, Moore SA, Weiss R, et al. Cardiac damage after lesions of the nucleus tractus solitarii. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009;296(2):R272–9.
Jacob WA, Van Bogaert A, De Groodt-Lasseel MH. Myocardial ultrastructure and haemodynamic reactions during experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1972;4(4):287–98.
Funding
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This article is part of the collection “Neurocritical Care Through History”.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wijdicks, E.F.M. The Tangled History of Brain–Heart Pathways in Acute Brain Injury. Neurocrit Care 38, 821–824 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-021-01193-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-021-01193-5