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Study of ionic/nonionic polyurethane dispersions with high solid content and low viscosity using a complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent

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Abstract

An ionic/nonionic polyurethane dispersion with high solid content and low viscosity with a complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent was prepared using isophorone diisocyanate as a hard segment and propylene oxide glycol as a soft segment. The complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent consisted of DPSA and BDSA. The effects of the molar ratio of DPSA/BDSA on the properties of the resultant polyurethane dispersions were studied. The morphologies and properties of the ionic/nonionic PU dispersions were examined using particle-size, TEM, and viscosity analyses. It was found that the ionic/nonionic dispersions possessed wide particle-size distributions due to the addition of the complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent. The ionic/nonionic PU dispersions possessed higher solid content than conventional WPU dispersions because the number and volume percentage of the large particles and small particles of the ionic/nonionic dispersions met the requirements for high solid content. It was observed that the solid content of the ionic/nonionic dispersion increased and then decreased with an increasing molar ratio of DPSA/BDSA. When the ratio ranged from 4:10 to 5:10, the solid content of the ionic/nonionic PU dispersion reached up to 55%. It was also noticed that the apparent viscosity of the ionic/nonionic polyurethane dispersion decreased with an increasing molar ratio of DPSA/BDSA. The complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent consisting of DPSA and BDSA enhanced the solid content and decreased the viscosity of the ionic/nonionic dispersions, which are very important for improving the properties and expanding the applications of PU dispersions. In addition, the ionic/nonionic polyurethane dispersion had good electrolyte-resistance properties, stability at both high and low temperatures, and storage stability.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the Chemical Additives and Surfactants Key Laboratory of Sichuan Universities (Projects 2015JXY02 and 2014JXY04), the Sichuan University Talents Project (Projects 2014RC14 and 2015RC55), and the Sichuan Province Department of Education (Project 16ZB0254). The authors also thank all project team members for providing performance testing of the products in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China

    Faxing Zhang & Xiaoli Wei

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  1. Faxing Zhang
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  2. Xiaoli Wei
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Correspondence to Xiaoli Wei.

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Zhang, F., Wei, X. Study of ionic/nonionic polyurethane dispersions with high solid content and low viscosity using a complex hydrophilic chain-extending agent. J Coat Technol Res 15, 141–148 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-017-9965-y

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