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Notes
These sentences are from the Book of Changes (also known as I-Ching or Yi Jing, 易經), which was said to have been written in about the 11th century B.C.E. and became the most important book in Chinese culture (Wang 2012). This English version is from the Chinese Text Project, http://ctext.org/book-of-changes.
The earliest symbol of Tai-ji appeared in the Book of Changes. A popular version was recorded first in Tai-ji Tu Shuo (On the Symbol of Tai-ji, 太極圖說) written by Chinese philosopher ZHOU Dunyi (周敦頤, 1017–1073): a circle which has an S-shaped line that divides it into two equal parts of black and white colors, while the black half has a small white dot inside of it, and the white half has a black dot as well. The circle is forever rotating, and the white keeps changing into black, and black into white.
These sentences are from Xi Ming (Motto on the West Wall, 西銘) written by ZHANG Zai (1020–1077). It is a short article from his book Zheng Meng (Enlighten the Ignorant, 正蒙) and was written on the west wall in his classroom as a motto (Zhang 2006).
These sentences are written by Laozi in his famous book Dao De Jing (道德經, also known as Laozi, 老子) (Wang 2011). This English version is also from the Chinese Text Project, http://ctext.org/dao-de-jing.
This sentence is from Zhong Yong (The state of equilibrium and harmony, 中庸) in Li Ji (Book of Rites, 禮記), which was believed written by Zisi (子思, 483-402 BCE), the grandson of Confucius, and was one of the “Four Books” in Confucianism (Zhu 2004). This English version is also from the Chinese Text Project, http://ctext.org/liji/zhong-yong.
These sentences are also from the Book of Changes (Wang 2012). The English translation is from http://ctext.org/book-of-changes/tai.
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Miller, G., Li, T. Toward a Dirty Environmental Ethics: From Theoria to Techné . Sci Eng Ethics 23, 1453–1459 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-017-9972-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-017-9972-5