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Combustion-related organic species in temporally resolved urban airborne particulate matter

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Abstract

Accurate characterization of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for improved understanding of source attribution and resultant health impacts. To explore this, we conducted ambient monitoring of a suite of 15 combustion-related organic species in temporally resolved PM2.5 samples during an ongoing animal exposure study in a near source environment in Detroit, MI. All of the 15 species detected were above the method detection limit in 8 h samples. This study focused on two molecular classes: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hopanes measured in samples. Of the 12 PAHs studied, benzo[b]fluoranthene (169 pg m−3), benzo[g,h,i]perylene (124 pg m−3), and benzo[e]pyrene (118 pg m−3) exhibited the three highest mean concentrations while 17α(H),21β(H)-hopane (189 pg m−3) and 17α(H),21β(H)-30-norhopane (145 pg m−3) had the highest mean concentrations of the three hopanes analyzed in samples. Ratios of individual compound concentrations to total compound concentrations (∑15 compounds) showed the greatest daily variation for 17α(H),21β(H)-hopane (11–28%) and 17α(H),21β(H)-30-norhopane (8–20%). Diagnostic PAH concentration ratios ([IP]/[IP + BP] (range 0.30–0.45), [BaP]/[BaP + BeP] (range 0.26–0.44), [BaP]/[BP] (range 0.41–0.82), [Bb]/[Bk] (range 2.07–2.66)) in samples reflected impacts from a mixture of combustion sources consistent with greater prevalence of petroleum combustion source emissions (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and crude oil) compared to coal or wood combustion emissions impacts at this urban site. Results from this study demonstrate that short-duration sampling for organic speciation provides temporally relevant exposure information.

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Acknowledgements

The EPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded, through contract RD83479701, and participated in this research. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of EPA. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products do not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors would like to thank Masako Morishita, Timothy Finch, Summer Hitchens, Tyler Osburn, Matthew Salvadori, Brandon Wills, and Jim Barres from the University of Michigan, as well as Craig Fitzner and Dan Ling at the Air Quality Division of the MDEQ for their assistance with field sampling and data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Michigan Air Quality Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Mary M. Lynam & J. Timothy Dvonch

  2. U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27711, USA

    John M. Turlington, David Olson & Matthew S. Landis

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  1. Mary M. Lynam
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  2. J. Timothy Dvonch
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Correspondence to Mary M. Lynam.

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Lynam, M.M., Timothy Dvonch, J., Turlington, J.M. et al. Combustion-related organic species in temporally resolved urban airborne particulate matter. Air Qual Atmos Health 10, 917–927 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-017-0482-z

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