Abstract
A multiple rocking wall-frame (MRWF) system, in which the wall panels are directly connected to the adjacent beams and foundation is presented herein. In the MRWF system, the unbonded post-tensioned (PT) tendons are used to promote the self-centering ability, and O-shaped steel dampers are applied to enhance the energy dissipation capacity and reparability of the structure. First, analytical equations are proposed to determine the behavior of the O-shaped dampers. Then, the MRWF system is numerically evaluated for five different models consisting of rocking walls with varying numbers and arrangements while keeping the total effective width of wall panels constant. The numerical results show that with an increase in the number of wall panels and a decrease in the wall width, the hysteretic behavior of the MRWF system tends to the ideal flag-shaped pattern, resulting in little damage to the beams, insignificant strain in the wall toe, negligible residual drifts and damage index of less than 0.2 under severe earthquakes. In contrast, the conventional model demonstrates extensive damage to the structural elements due to undesirable wall-to-frame interaction, which leads to a damage index of 0.78 and residual drifts of 0.42% under seismic loads.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aaleti S and Sritharan S (2011), “Performance Verification of the PreWEC Concept and Development of Seismic Design Guidelines,” ISU-CCEE Report 02/11, Ames, IA: Iowa State University.
ASCE 7–05 (2005), Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, USA.
Chang GA and Mander JB (1994), “Seismic Energy based Fatigue Damage Analysis of Bridge Columns: Part I-Evaluation of Seismic Capacity,” NCEER-94-0006, U.S. National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Gu A, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Li Q and Qu G (2019), “Experimental Study and Parameter Analysis on the Seismic Performance of Self-Centering Hybrid Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 116: 409–420.
Guo T, Wang L, Xu Z and Hao Y (2018), “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Jointed Self-Centering Concrete Walls with Friction Connectors,” Engineering Structures, 161: 192–206.
Henry RS (2011), “Self-Centering Precast Concrete Walls for Buildings in Regions with Low to High Seismicity,” PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland.
Hibbit, Karlsson and Sorensen, Inc. (2016), Abaqus/Standard User’s Manual (Version 16), Pawtucket, RI.
Hsu HL and Halim H (2018), “Brace Performance with Steel Curved Dampers and Amplified Deformation Mechanisms,” Engineering Structures, 175: 628–644.
International Code Council (ICC) (2009), International Building Code (IBC), ICC, Birmingham, AL.
ITG 5.1-07 (2007), Acceptance Criteria for Special Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast Structural Walls Based on Validation Testing and Commentary, American Concrete Institute.
Kam WY, Pampanin S and Elwood K (2011), “Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the 22 February Christchurch (Lyttleton) Earthquake,” Bull N Z Soc Earthq Eng, 44(4): 239–279.
Kurama Y, Pessiki S, Sause R, and Lu L (1999), “Seismic Behavior and Design of Unbonded Posttensioned Precast Concrete Walls,” PCI J, 44(3): 72–89.
Lee CL, Wang YP, Cai MY (2018), “An Experimental Study of In-Plane Arch-Shaped Dampers,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 17(4): 849–867.
Lu XL, Yang BY and Zhao B (2018), “Shake-Table Testing of a Self-Centering Precast Reinforced Concrete Frame with Shear Walls,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 17(2): 221–233.
Mander JB, Priestley MJ and Park R (1988), “Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for Confined Concrete,” ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, 114(8): 1804–1826.
Mao CX and Wang ZY (2021), “Seismic Performance Evaluation of a Self-Centering Precast Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 20(4): 943–968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-021-2062-3
Marriott D (2009), “The Development of High-Performance Post-Tensioned Rocking Systems for the Seismic Design of Structures,” PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.
Mazzoni S, McKenna F, Scott MH and Fenves GL et al. (2013), Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees), Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA., USA.
Naserpour A and Fathi M (2021), “A Posttensioned Rocking Infill Wall—Frame System for Multistory Precast Concrete Buildings,” The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 30(5): e1833.
Nazari M (2016), “Seismic Performance of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast Wall Systems Subjected to Shake Table Testing,” PhD Thesis, Iowa State University, USA.
NZS 1170.5 (2004), Structural Design Actions, Part 5: Earthquake Actions -New Zealand-Commentary, Standards Association of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
Pampanin S, Kam WY, Akguzel U, Tasligedik AS and Quintana-Gallo P (2011), “Report on the Observed Earthquake Damage of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in the Christchurch CBD on the 22 February 2011 Earthquake,” Report, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Park Y and Ang A (1985), “Mechanistic Seismic Damage Model for Reinforced Concrete,” Journal of Structural Engineering, 111(4): 722–739.
PEER (2016), PEER NGA2 Database, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California <http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga/>.
Perez F, Sause R, and Pessiki S (2007), “Analytical and Experimental Lateral Load Behavior of Unbonded Posttensioned Precast Concrete Walls,” J Struct Eng, 133(11): 1531–1540.
Priestley M, Sritharan S, Conley J, and Pampanin S (1999), “Preliminary Results and Conclusions from the PRESSS Five-Story Precast Concrete Test Building,” PCI J, 44(6): 42–67.
Restrepo J, and Rahman A (2007), “Seismic Performance of Self-Centering Structural Walls Incorporating Energy Dissipators,” J Struct Eng, 133(11): 1560–1570.
Smith B and Kurama Y (2014), “Seismic Design Guidelines for Solid and Perforated Hybrid Precast Concrete Shear Walls,” PCI J, 59(1): 43–59.
Song LL, Guo T and Cao ZL (2015), “Seismic Response of Self-Centering Prestressed Concrete Moment Resisting Frames with Web Friction Devices,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 71: 151–162.
Sritharan S, Aaleti S, Henry RS, Liu K-Y and Tsai K-C (2015), “Precast Concrete Wall with End Columns (PreWEC) for Earthquake Resistant Design,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 44(12): 2075–2092.
Stanton J and Nakaki S (2002), “Design Guidelines For Precast Concrete Seismic Structural Systems,” PRESSS Report No. 01/03-09, UW Report No. SM 02-02, The University of Washington and The Nakaki Bashaw Group, Inc.
Twigden K (2016), “Dynamic Response of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Rocking Walls,” PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Twigden KM and Henry RS (2015), “Experimental Response and Design of O-Connectors for Rocking Wall Systems,” Structures, 3: 261–271.
Twigden KM and Henry RS (2019), “Shake Table Testing of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Walls with and Without Additional Energy Dissipation,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 119: 375–389.
Twigden KM, Sritharan S and Henry RS (2017), “Cyclic Testing of Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Wall Systems with and Without Supplemental Damping,” Engineering Structures, 140: 406–420.
Wada A, Towhata I, Tamura K and Qu Z (2018), “A Complete Introduction to the SCJ Proposal and Its Commentary on the Development of Seismically Resilient Cities,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 17(4): 677–691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-018-0468-3
Watkins J (2017), “Seismic Response of Buildings that Utilise Unbonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Walls,” PhD Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Waugh J and Sritharan S (2010), “Lessons Learned from Seismic Analysis of a Seven-Story Concrete Test Building,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 14: 448–469.
Xu Z, Zhang FR, Jin W, Wu YY, Qi MZ and Yang YJ (2020), “A 5D Simulation Method on Post-Earthquake Repair Process of Buildings Based on BIM,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 19(3): 541–560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-020-0579-5
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Naserpour, A., Fathi, M. Numerical study of a multiple post-tensioned rocking wall-frame system for seismic resilient precast concrete buildings. Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib. 21, 377–393 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-022-2096-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-022-2096-1