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Comparison of physiological and methylational changes in resynthesized Brassica napus and diploid progenitors under drought stress

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Abstract

Brassica napus is a polyploid of certain research and economical value. Resynthesizing B. napus with diploid B. rapa and B. oleracea is essential for Brassica research because of the limited genetic background of B. napus. Considering that polyploids possess better agronomic traits and resistance compared with the corresponding diploids, we investigated drought tolerance after polyploidization of B. napus and revealed the epigenetic differences between polyploids and diploids. After drought stress, B. rapa and first-generation of synthesized hybrids (F1) were more wilted than B. oleracea and F2–F4 generations. However, the relative water content and water retention in F1 were better than others after drought stress. The increased number of partially opened and closed stomata in F1 was not as significant as that in F2 and F3, but stomata density in F1 was lower than F2, and the stomatal size in F1 was significantly reduced than F3. Physiological parameters varied among different generations of B. napus and diploid parents, and most of these parameters in hybrids were higher than B. rapa and lower than B. oleracea. However, the peroxidase activity in F3 and F4 was significantly higher than both parents, and the malondialdehyde content in F3 and F4 was lower than both parents, indicating that F3 and F4 might be more adaptive to oxidative stresses than other generations. DNA methylation level was decreased in F2 and F3 compared with F1, and then increased in F4. Methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism analysis revealed that DNA methylation and demethylation broadly happened after drought stress. The methylation and demethylation level was F1 > F4 > B. oleracea > F2 > F3 > B. rapa and B. rapa > F4 > F3 > F2 > B. oleracea > F1, respectively. The epigenetic changes under drought stress might be related to the different stress tolerances during B. napus polyploidization.

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Abbreviations

CMT3:

Methyltransferase chromomethylase 3

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MET1:

Methyltransferase 1

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

MSAP:

Methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism

NBT:

Nitrotetrazolium blue chloride

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

POD:

Peroxidase

PVP:

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction

RWC:

Relative water content

RWR:

Relative water retention

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations (31771824, 31330057, 31771825, 31401414), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0101000, 2016YFD0102000), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80591, 2014M561719), Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation (1401078B), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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  1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China

    Jinjin Jiang, Yi Yuan, Shuang Zhu, Tingting Fang, Liping Ran, Jian Wu & Youping Wang

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  1. Jinjin Jiang
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  2. Yi Yuan
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  3. Shuang Zhu
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Correspondence to Youping Wang.

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Communicated by W. Zhou.

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Jiang, J., Yuan, Y., Zhu, S. et al. Comparison of physiological and methylational changes in resynthesized Brassica napus and diploid progenitors under drought stress. Acta Physiol Plant 41, 45 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-019-2837-6

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