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Physiological and biochemical characteristics of Vigna species for Al stress tolerance

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Abstract

The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate Al tolerance in three Vigna species viz. V. radiata (‘Pusa-672’), V. mungo (‘Mash-114’) and V. umbellata (‘RBL-6’) under Al stress conditions. All three Vigna species were assessed in hydroponic assay in various concentration of Al (0, 74 and 185 μM) for 48 h. Variations in the Al tolerance were analysed based on various traits such as root elongation rate, re-growth after hematoxylin staining, accumulation of aluminium and callose and their localization, H2O2, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity. Aluminium stress caused inhibition in root elongation rate and root re-growth and increased accumulation of aluminium, callose, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation in all three Vigna species. However, accumulation of aluminium, callose, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation was more in V. radiata (‘Pusa-672’) than in V. mungo (‘Mash-114’) and V. umbellata (‘RBL-6’). Higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) was observed in V. umbellata than in V. mungo and V. radiata. Transverse sections of roots were examined to confirm the localization of Al in the apoplastic or symplastic regions using fluorescent microscopy. In V. umbellata (‘RBL-6’) and V. mungo (‘Mash-114’), most of the Al was localised in the epidermal and cortical tissues indicating restricted movement of Al to the upper layers. In V. radiata, (‘Pusa-672’) more Al was localised in epidermal, cortical, and even endodermal tissues, suggesting its inability to restrict the Al in upper layers. Our findings suggest that V. umbellata as a potential genetic resource for Al tolerance and this trait can be introgressed through breeding programme to develop Al-tolerant genotypes in V. mungo and V. radiata.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase

H2O2 :

Hydrogen Peroxide

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank to Head, Division of Genetics and Plant Physiology, Director and Joint Director Research, and Incharge National Phytotron Facility, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India for their encouragement and providing research facilities to carry out this research work. This work was supported by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India (Project No. Gen09/16).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Dharmendra Singh & Chandan Kumar Singh

  2. Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Madan Pal & Ashish K. Chaturvedi

  3. Water Technology Center, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Rajendra Singh

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  1. Dharmendra Singh
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  2. Madan Pal
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  3. Rajendra Singh
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Correspondence to Dharmendra Singh.

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Communicated by J. Zwiazek.

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Singh, D., Pal, M., Singh, R. et al. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of Vigna species for Al stress tolerance. Acta Physiol Plant 37, 87 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-015-1834-7

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