Abstract
The 1988 publication of the report of the Cartwright Inquiry and acceptance of its recommendations by the New Zealand Government initiated comprehensive and internationally important reform of bioethics and patients’ rights. However, recent writing about the legacy of the inquiry has challenged the legitimacy of the inquiry and contributed to a climate questioning the value of the ethical reforms initiated by it. This article describes unsuccessful attempts to correct factual errors in one publication criticizing the inquiry. These attempts at correction raise ethical issues about the dissemination of the products of medical research—in particular, about the place of research subjects in post-publication ethical deliberations and the responsibility of universities and publishers in decision-making, especially in relation to the correction of error in academic publications.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
The correspondence between Bunkle, Coney, and the University of Auckland has been used to illustrate a forthcoming article in New Zealand Sociology, which makes related but substantially different points to those discussed in this article.
The official transcripts of the Cartwright Inquiry are publicly available at the National Archives Auckland and the Archives Room, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. Many other sources used in this article, including the Coney and Bunkle Metro article and the Cartwright Report, can be accessed in full at the website of Women’s Health Action (www.womens-health.org.nz/cartwright.html) and at www.CartwrightInquiry.com.
References
Anonymous. 1990. Actions on Cartwright are withdrawn. The Auckland Star, August 1, A2.
Aschwanden, C. 2007. Seeking an international dialogue on research integrity. Cell 131(1): 9–11.
Auckland District Law Society, Public Affairs Committee. 1990. Report of the public Affairs Committee of the Auckland District Law Society. Auckland: Auckland District Law Society.
Auckland Women’s Health Council. 2014a. Update on enrolling unconscious patients in clinical trial. June newsletter, 6–7.
Auckland Women’s Health Council. 2014b. The right to refuse becoming a research subject: When did we lose it? August newsletter, 2–3.
Baird, M.A.H. 2009. Bryder’s book on National Women’s Hospital important work. New Zealand Doctor, September 23, 15.
Broad, W.J., and N. Wade. 1982. Betrayers of the truth: Fraud and deceit in the halls of science. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Brooke, B. 2009. The making of a controversy. In The Cartwright Papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 100–117. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Bryder, L. 2009. A history of the “unfortunate experiment” at National Women’s Hospital. Auckland: Auckland University Press.
Bryder, L. 2010a. Women’s bodies and medical science: An inquiry into cervical cancer. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Bryder, L. 2010b. History within living memory. Public seminar presentation. The Centre for History in Public Health: School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, June, at the University of London in London, England.
Bunkle, P. 2010. Patient-centred ethics, the Cartwright Inquiry and feminism: Identifying the central fallacy in Linda Bryder, A history of the “unfortunate experiment” at National Women’s Hospital. Women’s Studies Journal 24(2): 8–24.
Bunkle, P. 2012. Letter from Phillida Bunkle to the editors of The New Zealand Journal of History. Manuscript submitted for publication. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=253.
Bunkle, P. 2013. Feminist input into the development of patient-centred health care in New Zealand. Women’s History Magazine 71(Spring): 12–22. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=252.
Burrows, J. 2011. Review of The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by Joanna Manning. The New Zealand Journal of History 45(1): 119–23. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=253. Accessed June 1, 2015.
Carrell, R.W. 2012. Trial by media. Notes and Records of the Royal Society 66(3): 301–306.
Cartwright, S. 1988. The Report of the Committee of Inquiry into allegations concerning the treatment of cervical cancer at National Women’s Hospital and into other related matters. Auckland: Government Printing Office. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=29. Accessed May 9, 2013.
Coney, S. 2009a. The unfortunate history. In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 139–149. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Coney, S. 2009b. Exposing the experiment: Could we do it now? In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 59–70. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Coney, S., and Bunkle, P. 1987. An “unfortunate experiment” at National Women’s. Metro, June, 47–65. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=8. Accessed September 5, 2013.
Coney, S., and Bunkle, P. 2010. Letter to Stuart N McCutcheon, vice chancellor, University of Auckland. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=31. Accessed September 5, 2013.
Corbett, J. 1990a. Have you been burned at the stake yet? Metro, October, 156–165.
Corbett, J. 1990b. Second thoughts on the “unfortunate experiment.” Metro, July, 54–73.
D’Angelo, J. 2012. Ethics in science: Ethical misconduct in scientific research. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Daley, C. 2012. MSS e-mail from the editors of The New Zealand Journal of History to Phillida Bunkle, January 24. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=253. Accessed September 5, 2013
Geiringer, E. 1988. Trial in error. New Zealand Listener, November 26, 18–19, 44–46.
Geiringer, E. 1990. The triumph of the victimocracy. Metro, November, 134–138
Gotzsche, P. 2014. Deadly medicines and organized crime: How big pharma has corrupted healthcare. London and New York: Radcliffe Publishers.
Green, G.H. 1964. Cervical carcinoma in situ: True cancer or non-invasive lesion? The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 27(1): 13–22.
Green, G.H. 1966a. The significance of cervical carcinoma in situ. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 6(1): 42–44.
Green, G.H. 1966b. The significance of cervical carcinoma in situ. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 94(7): 1009–1022.
Green, G.H. 1969. Invasive potentiality of cervical carcinoma in situ. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 7(4): 157–69.
Green, G.H. 1970. Cervical carcinoma in situ: An atypical viewpoint. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 10(1): 41–48.
Green, G.H., and J.W. Donovan. 1970. The natural history of cervical carcinoma in situ. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 77(1): 1–9.
Greville, T. 2010. E-mail letter to Clare Matheson, July 7. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=31. Accessed September 5, 2009.
Greville, T. 2011. Letter from the Office of the Vice-Chancellor by Timothy Greville, General Counsel, University of Auckland, to Sandra Coney and Phillida Bunkle 3 June 2011. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=31. Accessed September 5, 2013.
Johnston, M. 2014. Drugs tested on critically ill, coma patients. The New Zealand Herald, May 14. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11254381.
Jones, R. 2009. The 1984 article: The invasive potential of carcinoma in situ of the cervix. In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 79–81. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Jones, R., and M. McLean. 1986. Carcinoma in situ of the vulva: A review of 31 treated and five untreated cases. Obstetrics and Gynecology: The Journal of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 68(4): 499–503.
Lafollette, M.C. 1992. Stealing into print: Fraud, plagiarism, and misconduct in scientific publishing. Los Angeles and Oxford: University of California Press.
Manning, J., ed. 2009. The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Matheson, C. 1989. Fate cries enough. Auckland: Septre New Zealand.
Matheson, C. 2010a. Complaint re: Linda Bryder’s book. E-mail letter from Matheson, Clare, to Timothy Greville, Registrar, University of Auckland, June 2, 2010. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=31. Accessed March 20, 2014.
Matheson, C. 2010b. In response to a letter from Ruth Taylor. E-mail letter to Timothy Greville, Registrar, University of Auckland, July 2, 2010. http://www.cartwrightinquiry.com/?page_id=31. Accessed May 9, 2013.
McCredie, M.R., K.J. Sharples, C. Paul, et al. 2008. The natural history of cervical neoplasia and risk of invasive cancer in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet Oncology 9(5): 425–434.
McCredie, M.R., C. Paul, K.J. Sharples, et al. 2010. Consequences in women of participating in a study of the natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 50(4): 363–370.
McGrath, J., and M. Scholtens. 1990. Application to strike out statement of claim: Outline of second respondent’s submissions heard on 21 August 1990 before Justice Barker. The High Court, Auckland. Mimeograph, Auckland: The High Court, Auckland.
McIndoe, W.A., M.R. McLean, R.W. Jones, and P.R. Mullins. 1984. The invasive potential of carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Obstetrics and Gynecology: The Journal of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists 64(4): 451–458.
Morton, J. 2014. Coma patient mum angry daughter put on stop. The New Zealand Herald, May 15. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11255023.
Overton, G.H. 2010. The 1987 National Women’s Hospital (NWH) “unfortunate experiment”: Accusations of unethical experiments and undertreatment, resulting in excess deaths from cervical cancer: Facts and falsehoods. The New Zealand Medical Journal 123(1319): 101–105.
Paterson, R. 2010. The Cartwright legacy: Shifting the focus of attention from the doctor to the patients. The New Zealand Medical Journal 123(1319): 6–10.
Paul, C. 2009a. Medicine in context. In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 118–138. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Paul, C. 2009b. The cervical cancer study. In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, edited by J. Manning, 89–98. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Petersdorf, R.G. 1986. Fraud, irresponsible authorship, and their causes: The pathogenesis of fraud in medical science. Annals of Internal Medicine 104(2): 252–254.
Skegg, D. 2009. Foreword: The Cartwright Inquiry and its legacy. In The Cartwright papers: Essays on the cervical cancer inquiry 1987–88, ed. J. Manning, 7–12. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.
Smith, V. 1990a. Letter to the editor. The Auckland Star, August 8, A10.
Smith, V. 1990b. Letter to the editor. Metro, October, 16–17.
Sunday Star Times. 2014. Drugs tested on mentally disabled. http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/health/10261601/Drugs-tested-on-mentally-disabled. Accessed August 5, 2014.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bunkle, P. Correcting Error in Academic Publishing: An Ethical Responsibility. Bioethical Inquiry 12, 665–673 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-015-9644-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-015-9644-6