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Effect of a multicomponent intervention in components of metabolic syndrome: a study with overweight/obese low-income school-aged children

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Abstract

Purpose

Obesity is a multifactorial disease and it is related to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFDL) in youth. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week multicomponent intervention program in markers of metabolic syndrome and NAFLD in Brazilian overweight/obese low-income school-aged children.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study comprised overweight/obese school-aged children, aged 7–13 years. The participants were assigned to intervention (n = 17) or control group (n = 18). The multicomponent intervention was developed during 12 weeks, consisting of exercise sessions (twice/week; 1 h), nutritional education sessions (once/month), and parental support (twice/week). The following variables were evaluated: anthropometric measures (height, body weight, waist circumference, percentage of body fat); biochemical assays (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides-TG, high-density lipoprotein-HDL, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase-AST, alanine aminotransferase-ALT), cardiorespiratory fitness, and maturational stage. A cardiovascular disease (CVD) composite z-scores (percentage of body fat, glucose, AST, ALT, TG, and TC/HDL ratio) was also calculated. General linear models were used for data analysis.

Results

Compared to the control group, intervention group participants decreased percentage of body fat (Δ − 0.97; p < 0.001), glucose levels (Δ − 0.15; p = 0.005), ALT (Δ − 2.84; p = 0.021), TC/HDL ratio (Δ − 0.93; p < 0.001), CVD composite score (Δ − 0.97; p < 0.001), and total food intake (Δ − 131.44; p = 0.03), while there was no differences between groups on waist circumference, AST, triglycerides, and CRF.

Conclusion

A 12-week multicomponent intervention was effective on decreasing some metabolic syndrome parameters in overweight/obese school-aged children.

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Abbreviations

MetS:

Metabolic syndrome

TG:

Triglycerides

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

NAFLD:

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

BMI:

Body mass index

PE:

Physical education

HR:

Heart rate

PA:

Physical activity

%BF:

Percentage of body fat

CRF:

Cardiorespiratory fitness

IG:

Intervention group

CG:

Control group

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the “National Council for Scientific and Technological Development” (ID: 477893/2013-9), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and Foundation for science and technology: SFRH/BSAB/142983/2018 and UID/DTP/00617/2019.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Project Esporte Brasil (PROESP-Br), School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 750, Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Caroline Brand & Anelise Reis Gaya

  2. Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Rodrigo Antunes Lima

  3. Federal University of Paraiba, Health Science Centre, Catelo Branco Street, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil

    Taís Feitosa Silva & Dafne Souto Macêdo

  4. Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Dr. Plácido Da Costa street, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal

    Jorge Mota

  5. Faculty of Education, Arts and Sport, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Sogndal, Sogndal, Norway

    Lars Bo Andersen

  6. Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil

    Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins

Authors
  1. Caroline Brand
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  2. Rodrigo Antunes Lima
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  7. Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins
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Correspondence to Caroline Brand.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (Ethics and Research Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba-number 0390/14) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Brand, C., Lima, R.A., Silva, T.F. et al. Effect of a multicomponent intervention in components of metabolic syndrome: a study with overweight/obese low-income school-aged children. Sport Sci Health 16, 137–145 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-019-00590-w

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