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Proteomic biomarkers of cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

There are currently no biomarkers that are associated with cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This pilot study performed an exploratory plasma proteomic analysis to discover potential biomarkers and explore proteomic pathways that differentiate OSAS subjects with and without CI.

Methods

Participants were selected from a cohort of women within 5 years of menopause not on hormone replacement therapy between the ages of 45–60 years. The Berlin questionnaire was used to select OSAS participants who then completed the MCFSI (Mail-In Cognitive Function Screening Instrument) to measure cognition. Six subjects with the highest MCFSI scores (≥ 5 denoting CI) were compared to six with normal scores. Proteomic analysis was done by Myriad RBM using a targeted ELISA for 254 serum proteins. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed proteins was performed using STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) software.

Results

Distinct proteomic signatures were seen in OSAS subjects with CI as compared to those without CI. Proteins including insulin, prostasin, angiopoietin-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and interleukin-1 beta were overexpressed in OSAS subjects with CI. Proteins underexpressed in CI participants included cathepsin B, ceruloplasmin, and adiponectin. Pathway analysis revealed prominence of insulin-regulated vascular disease biomarkers.

Conclusions

Proteomic biomarkers in participants with cognitive impairment suggest roles for insulin, and vascular signaling pathways, some of which are similar to findings in Alzheimer’s disease. A better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of CI in OSAS will help focus clinical trials needed in this patient population.

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Abbreviations

OSAS:

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

CI:

Cognitive impairment

SCOR:

Specialized center of research

HRT:

Hormone replacement therapy

MCFSI:

Mail-In Cognitive Function Screening Instrument

AUC:

Area under the curve

STRING:

Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins

BMI:

Body mass index

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

IL1B:

Interleukin-1 beta

ELAM-1:

Endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1

CTSB:

Cathepsin B

APP:

Amyloid precursor protein

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Funding

The SCOR study was funded by NIH grant UL1 RR029882 via the SCOR P50 grant mechanism.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, CSB Suite 816, MSC 630, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    Chitra Lal, Suchit Kumbhare & Charlie Strange

  2. MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Gary Hardiman

  3. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Suchit Kumbhare

Authors
  1. Chitra Lal
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  2. Gary Hardiman
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  3. Suchit Kumbhare
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  4. Charlie Strange
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chitra Lal.

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Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of interest

Dr. Lal has received grant support from Jazz pharmaceuticals and Invado pharmaceuticals and is a consultant for Jazz and Cipla pharmaceuticals. Drs. Strange, Hardiman, and Suchit Kumbhare have nothing to disclose.

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Lal, C., Hardiman, G., Kumbhare, S. et al. Proteomic biomarkers of cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath 23, 251–257 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-018-1693-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-018-1693-8

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