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Optimization of Hexavalent Chromium Biosorption by Shewanella putrefaciens Using the Box-Behnken Design

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Abstract

Cr(VI) is a ubiquitous pollutant that poses a serious threat to human health. Recently, the use of microorganisms to adsorb heavy metals has attracted research attention. However, there are few studies on the biosorption of Cr(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens, which is a metal-reducing bacterium. In this paper, single-factor experiments were designed to investigate the effect of hexavalent chromium by Shewanella putrefaciens, and response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was performed to study the Cr(VI) biosorption behavior of Shewanella putrefaciens. The coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.811 for Cr(VI)) and probability value (P < 0.05) demonstrated significance for the obtained regression model. The results showed that the model was suitable for experimental data, and the maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency by Shewanella putrefaciens was 85.68% under the optimum conditions of a contact time of 16.57 h, pH value of 8, and biomass dosage of 0.42 g/L, which were verified by additional experiments. ANOVA and 3D response graph analysis showed that the variables with significant influences were pH and temperature. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that after biosorption of Cr(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens, granular complexes attached to rough cell surfaces were observed. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed that the distribution of Cr(VI) on the cell surface was related to the carboxyl, ether, amide, hydroxyl, and phosphoric acid groups of Shewanella putrefaciens. This study is useful to explore the process and mechanism of heavy metal adsorption by Shewanella putrefaciens and provide new ideas for the microbial remediation of metal pollution in water.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Analytical and Testing Center of Sichuan University for the FTIR and SEM imaging.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21571163).

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Author notes

  1. Juan Cheng and Jingqi Gao contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China

    Juan Cheng, Jingqi Gao, Jie Zhang, Wenjuan Yuan, Shiying Yan, Jie Zhou, Jian Zhao & Su Feng

  2. Deep Underground Space Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, China

    Juan Cheng

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  1. Juan Cheng
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Article Impact Statement: This article is helpful to investigate the biosorption process and mechanism of heavy metals by Shewanella putrefaciens more quickly and accurately.

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Cheng, J., Gao, J., Zhang, J. et al. Optimization of Hexavalent Chromium Biosorption by Shewanella putrefaciens Using the Box-Behnken Design. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 92 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04947-7

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