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Anther culture for haploid and doubled haploid production

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Abstract

Haploids are plants with a gametophytic chromosome number and doubled haploids are haploids that have undergone chromosome duplication. The production of haploids and doubled haploids (DHs) through gametic embryogenesis allows a single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents, shortening the time required to produce homozygous plants in comparison with the conventional breeding methods that employ several generations of selfing. The production of haploids and DHs provides a particularly attractive biotechnological tool, and the development of haploidy technology and protocols to produce homozygous plants has had a significant impact on agricultural systems. Nowadays, these biotechnologies represent an integral part of the breeding programmes of many agronomically important crops. There are several available methods to obtain haploids and DHs, of which in vitro anther or isolated microspore culture are the most effective and widely used. This review article deals with the current status of knowledge on the production of haploids and DHs through pollen embryogenesis and, in particular, anther culture.

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Acknowledgments

Due to restrictions in the limit of the article and the large number of research papers on in vitro anther culture, it is impossible to cite all published papers, and the author has had to leave many of these out of the article. Apologies are extended to those authors who have not been mentioned. For more extensive reviews on haploids and doubled haploids, it is possible to consult volumes 1–5 of In vitro haploid production in higher plants (Jain et al. 1996–1997) and the recent volume Advances in haploid production in higher plants (Touraev et al. 2009). For the protocols, the interested reader is referred to Doubled haploid production in crop plants: a manual (Maluszynski et al. 2003a, b).

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    Maria Antonietta Germanà

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Germanà, M.A. Anther culture for haploid and doubled haploid production. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 104, 283–300 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9852-z

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