Abstract
The water content of magma oceans is widely accepted as a key factor that determines whether a terrestrial planet is habitable. Water ocean mass is determined as a result not only of water delivery and loss, but also of water partitioning among several reservoirs. Here we review our current understanding of water partitioning among the atmosphere, magma ocean, and solid mantle of accreting planetary embryos and protoplanets just after giant collisions. Magma oceans are readily formed in planetary embryos and protoplanets in their accretion phase. Significant amounts of water are partitioned into magma oceans, provided the planetary building blocks are water-rich enough. Particularly important but still quite uncertain issues are how much water the planetary building blocks contain initially and how water goes out of the solidifying mantle and is finally degassed to the atmosphere. Constraints from both solar-system explorations and exoplanet observations and also from laboratory experiments are needed to resolve these issues.
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Acknowledgements
First of all, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to Prof. Yutaka Abe, who passed away recently. We learned a lot from discussion with him, without which we could not complete this chapter. We thank anonymous referees for their careful reading and constructive comments, which helped us improve this manuscript greatly. Also we thank the SOC members of the ISSI workshop “The Delivery of Water to Protoplanets, Planets and Satellites” for giving us the opportunity to write this chapter. M. Ikoma is supported by the Astrobiology Center Program of National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) (No. AB291004) and JSPS Core-to-Core Program “International Network of Planetary Sciences”. K. Hamano acknowledges JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP26800242 and JP16J06133, and MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number JP17H06457.
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The Delivery of Water to Protoplanets, Planets and Satellites
Edited by Michel Blanc, Allessandro Morbidelli, Yann Alibert, Lindy Elkins-Tanton, Paul Estrada, Keiko Hamano, Helmut Lammer, Sean Raymond and Maria Schönbächler
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Ikoma, M., Elkins-Tanton, L., Hamano, K. et al. Water Partitioning in Planetary Embryos and Protoplanets with Magma Oceans. Space Sci Rev 214, 76 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0508-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0508-3