Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Low-Frequency Solar Corona in Circular Polarization

  • Published:
Solar Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We present spectropolarimetric imaging observations of the solar corona at low frequencies (80 – 240 MHz) using the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). These images are the first of their kind, and we introduce an algorithm to mitigate an instrumental artifact by which the total intensity signal contaminates the polarimetric images due to calibration errors. We then survey the range of circular polarization (Stokes \(V\)) features detected in over 100 observing runs near solar maximum during quiescent periods. First, we detect around 700 compact polarized sources across our dataset with polarization fractions ranging from less than 0.5% to nearly 100%. These sources exhibit a positive correlation between polarization fraction and total intensity, and we interpret them as a continuum of plasma emission noise storm (Type I burst) continua sources associated with active regions. Second, we report a characteristic “bullseye” structure observed for many low-latitude coronal holes in which a central polarized component is surrounded by a ring of the opposite sense. The central component does not match the sign expected from thermal bremsstrahlung emission, and we speculate that propagation effects or an alternative emission mechanism may be responsible. Third, we show that the large-scale polarimetric structure at our lowest frequencies is reasonably well-correlated with the line-of-sight (LOS) magnetic field component inferred from a global potential field source surface (PFSS) model. The boundaries between opposite circular polarization signs are generally aligned with polarity inversion lines in the model at a height roughly corresponding to that of the radio limb. This is not true at our highest frequencies, however, where the LOS magnetic field direction and polarization sign are often not straightforwardly correlated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akhmedov, S.B., Gelfreikh, G.B., Bogod, V.M., Korzhavin, A.N.: 1982, The measurement of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere above sunspots using gyroresonance emission. Solar Phys. 79, 41. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Alissandrakis, C.E.: 1994, Radio observations of the quiet solar corona. Adv. Space Res. 14, 81. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Alissandrakis, C.E., Lantos, P., Nicolaidis, E.: 1985, Coronal structures observed at metric wavelengths with the Nancay radioheliograph. Solar Phys. 97, 267. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Altyntsev, A., Meshalkina, N., Myshyakov, I., Pal‘shin, V., Fleishman, G.: 2017, Flare SOL2012-07-06: on the origin of the circular polarization reversal between 17 GHz and 34 GHz. Solar Phys. 292, 137. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Aschwanden, M.J.: 1986, The polarization of decimetric pulsations. Solar Phys. 104, 57. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Aschwanden, M.J.: 2005, Physics of the Solar Corona. An Introduction with Problems and Solutions, 2nd edn. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Benkevitch, L.V., Oberoi, D., Benjamin, M.D., Sokolov, I.V.: 2012, HART: an efficient modeling framework for simulated solar imaging. In: Ballester, P., Egret, D., Lorente, N.P.F. (eds.) Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 461, 475. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Bentley, R.D., Klein, K.-L., van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., Démoulin, P., Trottet, G., Tassetto, P., Marty, G.: 2000, Magnetic activity associated with radio noise storms. Solar Phys. 193, 227. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Benz, A.O., Wentzel, D.G.: 1981, Coronal evolution and solar type I radio bursts – an ion-acoustic wave model. Astron. Astrophys. 94, 100. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouratzis, C., Hillaris, A., Alissandrakis, C.E., Preka-Papadema, P., Moussas, X., Caroubalos, C., Tsitsipis, P., Kontogeorgos, A.: 2016, High resolution observations with Artemis-IV and the NRH. I. Type IV associated narrow-band bursts. Astron. Astrophys. 586, A29. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, J.D., Cairns, I., Kaplan, D.L., Murphy, T., Oberoi, D., Staveley-Smith, L., Arcus, W., Barnes, D.G., Bernardi, G., Briggs, F.H., Brown, S., Bunton, J.D., Burgasser, A.J., Cappallo, R.J., Chatterjee, S., Corey, B.E., Coster, A., Deshpande, A., deSouza, L., Emrich, D., Erickson, P., Goeke, R.F., Gaensler, B.M., Greenhill, L.J., Harvey-Smith, L., Hazelton, B.J., Herne, D., Hewitt, J.N., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kasper, J.C., Kincaid, B.B., Koenig, R., Kratzenberg, E., Lonsdale, C.J., Lynch, M.J., Matthews, L.D., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E.H., Ord, S.M., Pathikulangara, J., Prabu, T., Remillard, R.A., Robishaw, T., Rogers, A.E.E., Roshi, A.A., Salah, J.E., Sault, R.J., Shankar, N.U., Srivani, K.S., Stevens, J.B., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S.J., Wayth, R.B., Waterson, M., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A.J., Williams, C.L., Wyithe, J.S.B.: 2013, Science with the Murchison Widefield Array. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 30, e031. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, D.S.: 1995, High fidelity interferometric imaging: robust weighting and NNLS deconvolution. In: American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 27, 1444. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, S.: 1930, On the theory of filter amplifiers. Wirel. Eng. 7(6), 536.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, I.H., Knock, S.A., Robinson, P.A., Kuncic, Z.: 2003, Type II solar radio bursts: theory and space weather implications. Space Sci. Rev. 107, 27. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, I.H., Lobzin, V.V., Donea, A., Tingay, S.J., McCauley, P.I., Oberoi, D., Duffin, R.T., Reiner, M.J., Hurley-Walker, N., Kudryavtseva, N.A., Melrose, D.B., Harding, J.C., Bernardi, G., Bowman, J.D., Cappallo, R.J., Corey, B.E., Deshpande, A., Emrich, D., Goeke, R., Hazelton, B.J., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D.L., Kasper, J.C., Kratzenberg, E., Lonsdale, C.J., Lynch, M.J., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Ord, S.M., Prabu, T., Roshi, A., Shankar, N.U., Srivani, K.S., Subrahmanyan, R., Wayth, R.B., Waterson, M., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.L.: 2018, Low altitude solar magnetic reconnection, Type III solar radio bursts, and X-ray emissions. Sci. Rep. 8, 1676. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M.H.: 1960, Magnetoionic mode coupling at high frequencies. Astrophys. J. 131, 664. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Cranmer, S.R.: 2009, Coronal holes. Living Rev. Solar Phys. 6, 3. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cranmer, S.R., Woolsey, L.N.: 2015, Driving solar spicules and jets with magnetohydrodynamic turbulence: testing a persistent idea. Astrophys. J. 812, 71. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • De Pontieu, B., Martínez-Sykora, J., Chintzoglou, G.: 2017, What causes the high apparent speeds in chromospheric and transition region spicules on the Sun? Astrophys. J. Lett. 849, L7. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Del Zanna, G., Aulanier, G., Klein, K.-L., Török, T.: 2011, A single picture for solar coronal outflows and radio noise storms. Astron. Astrophys. 526, A137. DOI . ADS .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dulk, G.A.: 1985, Radio emission from the sun and stars. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 23, 169. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dulk, G.A., McLean, D.J.: 1978, Coronal magnetic fields. Solar Phys. 57, 279. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dulk, G.A., Sheridan, K.V.: 1974, The structure of the middle corona from observations at 80 and 160 MHz. Solar Phys. 36, 191. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dulk, G.A., Suzuki, S., Sheridan, K.V.: 1984, Solar noise storms – the polarization of storm Type III and related bursts. Astron. Astrophys. 130, 39. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Elgarøy, E.Ø.: 1977, Solar Noise Storms. Pergamon Press, ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeland, S.L., Handy, B.N.: 1998, Data analysis with the SolarSoft system. Solar Phys. 182, 497. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelfreikh, G.B.: 2004, Coronal magnetic field measurements through bremsstrahlung emission. In: Gary, D.E., Keller, C.U. (eds.) Astrophys. Space Sci. Library, Astrophys. Space Sci. Library 314, 115. DOI . ADS .

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gergely, T.E., Erickson, W.C.: 1975, Decameter storm radiation. I. Solar Phys. 42, 467. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, S., Kucera, T., White, S., Dove, J., Fan, Y., Forland, B., Rachmeler, L., Downs, C., Reeves, K.: 2016, FORWARD: a toolset for multiwavelength coronal magnetometry. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 3, 8. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ginzburg, V.L., Zhelezniakov, V.V.: 1958, On the possible mechanisms of sporadic solar radio emission (radiation in an isotropic plasma). Soviet Astron. 2, 653. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalswamy, N., Kundu, M.R., Raoult, A., Pick, M.: 1994, Non-radial magnetic field structures in the solar corona. Solar Phys. 150, 317. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Grebinskij, A., Bogod, V., Gelfreikh, G., Urpo, S., Pohjolainen, S., Shibasaki, K.: 2000, Microwave tomography of solar magnetic fields. Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 144, 169. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hariharan, K., Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C.: 2015, Observations of near-simultaneous split-band solar type-II radio bursts at low frequencies. Solar Phys. 290, 2479. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hariharan, K., Ramesh, R., Kishore, P., Kathiravan, C., Gopalswamy, N.: 2014, An estimate of the coronal magnetic field near a solar coronal mass ejection from low-frequency radio observations. Astrophys. J. 795, 14. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hariharan, K., Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Wang, T.J.: 2016, Simultaneous near-sun observations of a moving type IV radio burst and the associated white-light coronal mass ejection. Solar Phys. 291, 1405. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, F., Martens, P., Yoshimura, K., Gurman, J., Hourclé, J., Dimitoglou, G., Suárez-Solá, I., Wampler, S., Reardon, K., Davey, A., Bogart, R.S., Tian, K.Q.: 2009, The virtual solar observatory – a resource for international heliophysics research. Earth Moon Planets 104, 315. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurley-Walker, N., Morgan, J., Wayth, R.B., Hancock, P.J., Bell, M.E., Bernardi, G., Bhat, R., Briggs, F., Deshpande, A.A., Ewall-Wice, A., Feng, L., Hazelton, B.J., Hindson, L., Jacobs, D.C., Kaplan, D.L., Kudryavtseva, N., Lenc, E., McKinley, B., Mitchell, D., Pindor, B., Procopio, P., Oberoi, D., Offringa, A., Ord, S., Riding, J., Bowman, J.D., Cappallo, R., Corey, B., Emrich, D., Gaensler, B.M., Goeke, R., Greenhill, L., Hewitt, J., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kasper, J., Kratzenberg, E., Lonsdale, C., Lynch, M., McWhirter, R., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Prabu, T., Rogers, A., Roshi, A., Shankar, U., Srivani, K., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S., Waterson, M., Webster, R., Whitney, A., Williams, A., Williams, C.: 2014, The Murchison Widefield Array commissioning survey: a low-frequency catalogue of 14 110 compact radio sources over 6 100 square degrees. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 31, e045. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurley-Walker, N., Callingham, J.R., Hancock, P.J., Franzen, T.M.O., Hindson, L., Kapińska, A.D., Morgan, J., Offringa, A.R., Wayth, R.B., Wu, C., Zheng, Q., Murphy, T., Bell, M.E., Dwarakanath, K.S., For, B., Gaensler, B.M., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Lenc, E., Procopio, P., Staveley-Smith, L., Ekers, R., Bowman, J.D., Briggs, F., Cappallo, R.J., Deshpande, A.A., Greenhill, L., Hazelton, B.J., Kaplan, D.L., Lonsdale, C.J., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Oberoi, D., Ord, S.M., Prabu, T., Shankar, N.U., Srivani, K.S., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S.J., Webster, R.L., Williams, A., Williams, C.L.: 2017, GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey – I. A low-frequency extragalactic catalogue. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 464, 1146. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • IAU: 1973, Commission 40: radio astronomy (radio astronomie). Trans. Int. Astron. Union 15(2), 165. DOI .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IEEE: 1969, IEEE standard definitions of terms for radio wave propagation. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 17(3), 270. DOI .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iwai, K., Misawa, H., Tsuchiya, F., Morioka, A., Masuda, S., Miyoshi, Y.: 2012, Survey of accelerated particles in a solar active region using Hinode/XRT and ground-based type-I radio burst observations. In: Sekii, T., Watanabe, T., Sakurai, T. (eds.) Hinode-3: The 3rd Hinode Science Meeting, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 454, 249. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Kai, K.: 1962, Some characteristics of type I burst. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 14, 1. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaneda, K., Misawa, H., Iwai, K., Tsuchiya, F., Obara, T.: 2015, Frequency dependence of polarization of zebra pattern in type-IV solar radio bursts. Astrophys. J. Lett. 808, L45. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaneda, K., Misawa, H., Iwai, K., Tsuchiya, F., Obara, T., Katoh, Y., Masuda, S.: 2017, Polarization characteristics of zebra patterns in type IV solar radio bursts. Astrophys. J. 842, 45. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, D.L., Tingay, S.J., Manoharan, P.K., Macquart, J.P., Hancock, P., Morgan, J., Mitchell, D.A., Ekers, R.D., Wayth, R.B., Trott, C., Murphy, T., Oberoi, D., Cairns, I.H., Feng, L., Kudryavtseva, N., Bernardi, G., Bowman, J.D., Briggs, F., Cappallo, R.J., Deshpande, A.A., Gaensler, B.M., Greenhill, L.J., Hurley Walker, N., Hazelton, B.J., Johnston Hollitt, M., Lonsdale, C.J., McWhirter, S.R., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Ord, S.M., Prabu, T., Udaya Shankar, N., Srivani, K.S., Subrahmanyan, R., Webster, R.L., Williams, A., Williams, C.L.: 2015, Murchison widefield array observations of anomalous variability: a serendipitous night-time detection of interplanetary scintillation. Astrophys. J. Lett. 809, L12. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kayshap, P., Murawski, K., Srivastava, A.K., Dwivedi, B.N.: 2018, Rotating network jets in the quiet Sun as observed by IRIS. Astron. Astrophys. 616, A99. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerdraon, A., Delouis, J.-M.: 1997, The Nançay Radioheliograph. In: Trottet, G. (ed.) Coronal Physics from Radio and Space Observations, Lecture Notes in Physics, 483, Springer, Berlin, 192. DOI . ADS .

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kishore, P., Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Rajalingam, M.: 2015, A low-frequency radio spectropolarimeter for observations of the solar corona. Solar Phys. 290, 2409. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kishore, P., Kathiravan, C., Ramesh, R., Ebenezer, E.: 2017, Coronal magnetic field lines and electrons associated with type III – V radio bursts in a solar flare. J. Astrophys. Astron. 38, 24. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, K.-L.: 1998, Suprathermal electrons in non-flaring active regions (invited review). In: Alissandrakis, C.E., Schmieder, B. (eds.) Three-Dimensional Structure of Solar Active Regions, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 155, 182. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong, X., Chen, Y., Feng, S., Du, G., Li, C., Koval, A., Vasanth, V., Wang, B., Guo, F., Li, G.: 2016, Observation of a metric type N solar radio burst. Astrophys. J. 830, 37. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari, A., Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Wang, T.J.: 2017, Strength of the solar coronal magnetic field – a comparison of independent estimates using contemporaneous radio and white-light observations. Solar Phys. 292, 161. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lantos, P.: 1999, Low frequency observations of the quiet Sun: a review. In: Bastian, T.S., Gopalswamy, N., Shibasaki, K. (eds.) Proceedings of the Nobeyama Symposium 479, 11. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Lantos, P., Alissandrakis, C.E., Gergely, T., Kundu, M.R.: 1987, Quiet Sun and slowly varying component at meter and decameter wavelengths. Solar Phys. 112, 325. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Squeren, A.M.: 1963, Étude des orages radioélectriques solaires sur 169 MHz à l’aide de l’interféromètre en croix de la station de Nançay. Ann. Astrophys. 26, 97. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lemen, J.R., Title, A.M., Akin, D.J., Boerner, P.F., Chou, C., Drake, J.F., Duncan, D.W., Edwards, C.G., Friedlaender, F.M., Heyman, G.F., Hurlburt, N.E., Katz, N.L., Kushner, G.D., Levay, M., Lindgren, R.W., Mathur, D.P., McFeaters, E.L., Mitchell, S., Rehse, R.A., Schrijver, C.J., Springer, L.A., Stern, R.A., Tarbell, T.D., Wuelser, J.-P., Wolfson, C.J., Yanari, C., Bookbinder, J.A., Cheimets, P.N., Caldwell, D., Deluca, E.E., Gates, R., Golub, L., Park, S., Podgorski, W.A., Bush, R.I., Scherrer, P.H., Gummin, M.A., Smith, P., Auker, G., Jerram, P., Pool, P., Soufli, R., Windt, D.L., Beardsley, S., Clapp, M., Lang, J., Waltham, N.: 2012, The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Solar Phys. 275, 17. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lenc, E., Anderson, C.S., Barry, N., Bowman, J.D., Cairns, I.H., Farnes, J.S., Gaensler, B.M., Heald, G., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D.L., Lynch, C.R., McCauley, P.I., Mitchell, D.A., Morgan, J., Morales, M.F., Murphy, T., Offringa, A.R., Ord, S.M., Pindor, B., Riseley, C., Sadler, E.M., Sobey, C., Sokolowski, M., Sullivan, I.S., O’Sullivan, S.P., Sun, X.H., Tremblay, S.E., Trott, C.M., Wayth, R.B.: 2017, The challenges of low-frequency radio polarimetry: lessons from the Murchison Widefield Array. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 34, e040. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lenc, E., Murphy, T., Lynch, C.R., Kaplan, D.L., Zhang, S.N.: 2018, An all-sky survey of circular polarization at 200 MHz. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 478, 2835. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, C.Y., Chen, Y., Wang, B., Ruan, G.P., Feng, S.W., Du, G.H., Kong, X.L.: 2017, EUV and magnetic activities associated with type-I solar radio bursts. Solar Phys. 292, 82. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lionello, R., Linker, J.A., Mikić, Z.: 2009, Multispectral emission of the Sun during the first Whole Sun Month: magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Astrophys. J. 690, 902. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, H., Chen, Y., Cho, K., Feng, S., Vasanth, V., Koval, A., Du, G., Wu, Z., Li, C.: 2018, A solar stationary type IV radio burst and its radiation mechanism. Solar Phys. 293, 58. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale, C.J., Cappallo, R.J., Morales, M.F., Briggs, F.H., Benkevitch, L., Bowman, J.D., Bunton, J.D., Burns, S., Corey, B.E., Desouza, L., Doeleman, S.S., Derome, M., Deshpande, A., Gopala, M.R., Greenhill, L.J., Herne, D.E., Hewitt, J.N., Kamini, P.A., Kasper, J.C., Kincaid, B.B., Kocz, J., Kowald, E., Kratzenberg, E., Kumar, D., Lynch, M.J., Madhavi, S., Matejek, M., Mitchell, D.A., Morgan, E., Oberoi, D., Ord, S., Pathikulangara, J., Prabu, T., Rogers, A., Roshi, A., Salah, J.E., Sault, R.J., Shankar, N.U., Srivani, K.S., Stevens, J., Tingay, S., Vaccarella, A., Waterson, M., Wayth, R.B., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.: 2009, The Murchison Widefield Array: design overview. Proc. IEEE 97, 1497. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mandrini, C.H., Baker, D., Démoulin, P., Cristiani, G.D., van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., Vargas Domínguez, S., Nuevo, F.A., Vásquez, A.M., Pick, M.: 2015, Parallel evolution of quasi-separatrix layers and active region upflows. Astrophys. J. 809, 73. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • McCauley, P.I., Cairns, I.H., Morgan, C.J.: 2018, Densities probed by coronal type III radio burst imaging. Solar Phys. 293, 132. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • McCauley, P.I., Cairns, I.H., Morgan, J., Gibson, S.E., Harding, J.C., Lonsdale, C., Oberoi, D.: 2017, Type III solar radio burst source region splitting due to a quasi-separatrix layer. Astrophys. J. 851, 151. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B.: 1980, Plasma Astrophysics. Nonthermal Processes in Diffuse Magnetized Plasmas – Vol.1: The Emission, Absorption and Transfer of Waves in Plasmas; Vol.2: Astrophysical Applications. Gordon and Breach, ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B.: 1986, Instabilities in Space and Laboratory Plasmas. Cambridge Univ. Press, ADS .

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B.: 1989, Depolarization of solar bursts due to scattering by low-frequency waves. Solar Phys. 119, 143. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B.: 2006, Depolarization of radio bursts due to reflection off sharp boundaries in the solar corona. Astrophys. J. 637, 1113. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B.: 2009, Coherent emission. In: Gopalswamy, N., Webb, D.F. (eds.) Universal Heliophysical Processes, IAU Symposium 257, 305. DOI . ADS .

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B., Dulk, G.A., Smerd, S.F.: 1978, The polarization of second harmonic plasma emission. Astron. Astrophys. 66, 315. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Melrose, D.B., Robinson, P.A.: 1994, Reversal of the sense of polarisation in solar and stellar radio flares. Proc. Astron. Soc. Aust. 11, 16. ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mercier, C.: 1990, Polarisation of type III bursts between 164 and 435 MHz – structure and variation with frequency. Solar Phys. 130, 119. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan, A., Oberoi, D.: 2017, 4D data cubes from radio-interferometric spectroscopic snapshot imaging. Solar Phys. 292, 168. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan, A., Mondal, S., Oberoi, D., Lonsdale, C.J.: 2019a, Evidence for Super-Alfvenic oscillations in sources of Solar type III radio bursts. Astrophys. J. 875, 98. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan, A., McCauley, P.I., Mastrano, A., Oberoi, D.: 2019b, A weak coronal heating event associated with periodic particle acceleration episodes. arXiv e-prints. ADS .

  • Mondal, S., Mohan, A., Oberoi, D., Morgan, J.S., Benkevitch, L., Lonsdale, C.J., Crowley, M., Cairns, I.H.: 2019, Unsupervised generation of high dynamic range solar images: a novel algorithm for self-calibration of interferometry data. Astrophys. J. 875, 97. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, J.S., Macquart, J.-P., Ekers, R., Chhetri, R., Tokumaru, M., Manoharan, P.K., Tremblay, S., Bisi, M.M., Jackson, B.V.: 2018, Interplanetary scintillation with the Murchison Widefield Array I: a sub-arcsecond survey over 900 deg2 at 79 and 158 MHz. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 473, 2965. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mugundhan, V., Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Gireesh, G.V.S., Hegde, A.: 2018, Spectropolarimetric observations of solar noise storms at low frequencies. Solar Phys. 293, 41. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Narang, N., Arbacher, R.T., Tian, H., Banerjee, D., Cranmer, S.R., DeLuca, E.E., McKillop, S.: 2016, Statistical study of network jets observed in the solar transition region: a comparison between coronal holes and quiet-Sun regions. Solar Phys. 291, 1129. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Newkirk, G. Jr.: 1961, The solar corona in active regions and the thermal origin of the slowly varying component of solar radio radiation. Astrophys. J. 133, 983. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Oberoi, D., Sharma, R., Rogers, A.E.E.: 2017, Estimating solar flux density at low radio frequencies using a sky brightness model. Solar Phys. 292, 75. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Offringa, A.R., van de Gronde, J.J., Roerdink, J.B.T.M.: 2012, A morphological algorithm for improving radio-frequency interference detection. Astron. Astrophys. 539, A95. DOI . ADS .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Offringa, A.R., McKinley, B., Hurley-Walker, N., Briggs, F.H., Wayth, R.B., Kaplan, D.L., Bell, M.E., Feng, L., Neben, A.R., Hughes, J.D., Rhee, J., Murphy, T., Bhat, N.D.R., Bernardi, G., Bowman, J.D., Cappallo, R.J., Corey, B.E., Deshpande, A.A., Emrich, D., Ewall-Wice, A., Gaensler, B.M., Goeke, R., Greenhill, L.J., Hazelton, B.J., Hindson, L., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Jacobs, D.C., Kasper, J.C., Kratzenberg, E., Lenc, E., Lonsdale, C.J., Lynch, M.J., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Kudryavtseva, N., Oberoi, D., Ord, S.M., Pindor, B., Procopio, P., Prabu, T., Riding, J., Roshi, D.A., Shankar, N.U., Srivani, K.S., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S.J., Waterson, M., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.L.: 2014, WSCLEAN: an implementation of a fast, generic wide-field imager for radio astronomy. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 444, 606. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Offringa, A.R., Wayth, R.B., Hurley-Walker, N., Kaplan, D.L., Barry, N., Beardsley, A.P., Bell, M.E., Bernardi, G., Bowman, J.D., Briggs, F., Callingham, J.R., Cappallo, R.J., Carroll, P., Deshpande, A.A., Dillon, J.S., Dwarakanath, K.S., Ewall-Wice, A., Feng, L., For, B.-Q., Gaensler, B.M., Greenhill, L.J., Hancock, P., Hazelton, B.J., Hewitt, J.N., Hindson, L., Jacobs, D.C., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kapińska, A.D., Kim, H.-S., Kittiwisit, P., Lenc, E., Line, J., Loeb, A., Lonsdale, C.J., McKinley, B., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Morgan, J., Neben, A.R., Oberoi, D., Ord, S.M., Paul, S., Pindor, B., Pober, J.C., Prabu, T., Procopio, P., Riding, J., Udaya Shankar, N., Sethi, S., Srivani, K.S., Staveley-Smith, L., Subrahmanyan, R., Sullivan, I.S., Tegmark, M., Thyagarajan, N., Tingay, S.J., Trott, C.M., Webster, R.L., Williams, A., Williams, C.L., Wu, C., Wyithe, J.S., Zheng, Q.: 2015, The low-frequency environment of the Murchison Widefield Array: radio-frequency interference analysis and mitigation. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 32, e008. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ord, S.M., Crosse, B., Emrich, D., Pallot, D., Wayth, R.B., Clark, M.A., Tremblay, S.E., Arcus, W., Barnes, D., Bell, M., Bernardi, G., Bhat, N.D.R., Bowman, J.D., Briggs, F., Bunton, J.D., Cappallo, R.J., Corey, B.E., Deshpande, A.A., deSouza, L., Ewell-Wice, A., Feng, L., Goeke, R., Greenhill, L.J., Hazelton, B.J., Herne, D., Hewitt, J.N., Hindson, L., Hurley-Walker, N., Jacobs, D., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D.L., Kasper, J.C., Kincaid, B.B., Koenig, R., Kratzenberg, E., Kudryavtseva, N., Lenc, E., Lonsdale, C.J., Lynch, M.J., McKinley, B., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Oberoi, D., Offringa, A., Pathikulangara, J., Pindor, B., Prabu, T., Procopio, P., Remillard, R.A., Riding, J., Rogers, A.E.E., Roshi, A., Salah, J.E., Sault, R.J., Udaya Shankar, N., Srivani, K.S., Stevens, J., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S.J., Waterson, M., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.L., Wyithe, J.S.B.: 2015, The Murchison Widefield Array correlator. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 32, e006. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pesnell, W.D., Thompson, B.J., Chamberlin, P.C.: 2012, The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Solar Phys. 275, 3. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M.M., McCauley, P.I., Cairns, I.H.: 2019, On the relative brightness of coronal holes at low frequencies. Solar Phys. 294, 7. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Narayanan, A.S.: 2011, Low-frequency observations of polarized emission from long-lived non-thermal radio sources in the solar corona. Astrophys. J. 734, 39. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Sastry, C.V.: 2010, Estimation of magnetic field in the solar coronal streamers through low frequency radio observations. Astrophys. J. 711, 1029. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Subramanian, K.R., Sundararajan, M.S., Sastry, C.V.: 1998, The Gauribidanur Radioheliograph. Solar Phys. 181, 439. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Sundararajan, M.S., Barve, I.V., Sastry, C.V.: 2008, A low-frequency (30 – 110 MHz) antenna system for observations of polarized radio emission from the solar corona. Solar Phys. 253, 319. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Kathiravan, C., Barve, I.V., Beeharry, G.K., Rajasekara, G.N.: 2010, Radio observations of weak energy releases in the solar corona. Astrophys. J. Lett. 719, L41. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, R., Sasikumar Raja, K., Kathiravan, C., Narayanan, A.S.: 2013, Low-frequency radio observations of picoflare category energy releases in the solar atmosphere. Astrophys. J. 762, 89. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, H.A.S., Ratcliffe, H.: 2014, A review of solar type III radio bursts. Res. Astron. Astrophys. 14, 773. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, P.A., Cairns, I.H.: 2000, Theory of Type III and Type II Solar Radio Emissions. Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series 119, 37. DOI . ADS .

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ryabov, B.: 2004, Coronal magnetic field measurements through quasi-transverse propagation. In: Gary, D.E., Keller, C.U. (eds.) Astrophys. Space Sci. Library 314, 135. DOI . ADS .

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ryabov, B.I., Pilyeva, N.A., Alissandrakis, C.E., Shibasaki, K., Bogod, V.M., Garaimov, V.I., Gelfreikh, G.B.: 1999, Coronal magnetography of an active region from microwave polarization inversion. Solar Phys. 185, 157. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, K., Poland, A.I., Munro, R.H.: 1977, A study of the background corona near solar minimum. Solar Phys. 55, 121. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasikumar Raja, K., Ramesh, R.: 2013, Low-frequency observations of transient quasi-periodic radio emission from the solar atmosphere. Astrophys. J. 775, 38. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasikumar Raja, K., Kathiravan, C., Ramesh, R., Rajalingam, M., Barve, I.V.: 2013, Design and performance of a low-frequency cross-polarized log-periodic dipole antenna. Astrophys. J. Suppl. 207, 2. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasikumar Raja, K., Ramesh, R., Hariharan, K., Kathiravan, C., Wang, T.J.: 2014, An estimate of the magnetic field strength associated with a solar coronal mass ejection from low frequency radio observations. Astrophys. J. 796, 56. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sastry, C.V.: 2009, Polarization of the thermal radio emission from outer solar corona. Astrophys. J. 697, 1934. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Scherrer, P.H., Schou, J., Bush, R.I., Kosovichev, A.G., Bogart, R.S., Hoeksema, J.T., Liu, Y., Duvall, T.L., Zhao, J., Title, A.M., Schrijver, C.J., Tarbell, T.D., Tomczyk, S.: 2012, The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) investigation for the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Solar Phys. 275, 207. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schrijver, C.J., De Rosa, M.L.: 2003, Photospheric and heliospheric magnetic fields. Solar Phys. 212, 165. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shain, A.V., Melnikov, V.F., Morgachev, A.S.: 2017, The role of quasi-transverse propagation in observed polarization of flare loop microwave radiation. Geomagn. Aeron. 57, 988. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, R., Oberoi, D., Arjunwadkar, M.: 2018, Quantifying weak nonthermal solar radio emission at low radio frequencies. Astrophys. J. 852, 69. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharykin, I.N., Kuznetsov, A.A., Myshyakov, I.I.: 2018, Probing twisted magnetic field using microwave observations in an M class solar flare on 11 February, 2014. Solar Phys. 293, 34. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shibasaki, K., Alissandrakis, C.E., Pohjolainen, S.: 2011, Radio emission of the quiet Sun and active regions (invited review). Solar Phys. 273, 309. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Spicer, D.S., Benz, A.O., Huba, J.D.: 1982, Solar type I noise storms and newly emerging magnetic flux. Astron. Astrophys. 105, 221. ADS .

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Suresh, A., Sharma, R., Oberoi, D., Das, S.B., Pankratius, V., Timar, B., Lonsdale, C.J., Bowman, J.D., Briggs, F., Cappallo, R.J., Corey, B.E., Deshpande, A.A., Emrich, D., Goeke, R., Greenhill, L.J., Hazelton, B.J., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D.L., Kasper, J.C., Kratzenberg, E., Lynch, M.J., McWhirter, S.R., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Morgan, E., Ord, S.M., Prabu, T., Rogers, A.E.E., Roshi, A., Udaya Shankar, N., Srivani, K.S., Subrahmanyan, R., Tingay, S.J., Waterson, M., Wayth, R.B., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.L.: 2017, Wavelet-based characterization of small-scale solar emission features at low radio frequencies. Astrophys. J. 843, 19. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutinjo, A., O’Sullivan, J., Lenc, E., Wayth, R.B., Padhi, S., Hall, P., Tingay, S.J.: 2015, Understanding instrumental Stokes leakage in Murchison Widefield Array polarimetry. Radio Sci. 50, 52. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, S., Sheridan, K.V.: 1980, The polarization of metre-wave solar emission. Proc. Astron. Soc. Aust. 4, 56. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tian, H., DeLuca, E.E., Cranmer, S.R., De Pontieu, B., Peter, H., Martínez-Sykora, J., Golub, L., McKillop, S., Reeves, K.K., Miralles, M.P., McCauley, P., Saar, S., Testa, P., Weber, M., Murphy, N., Lemen, J., Title, A., Boerner, P., Hurlburt, N., Tarbell, T.D., Wuelser, J.P., Kleint, L., Kankelborg, C., Jaeggli, S., Carlsson, M., Hansteen, V., McIntosh, S.W.: 2014, Prevalence of small-scale jets from the networks of the solar transition region and chromosphere. Science 346(27), 1255711. DOI . ADS .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tingay, S.J., Goeke, R., Bowman, J.D., Emrich, D., Ord, S.M., Mitchell, D.A., Morales, M.F., Booler, T., Crosse, B., Wayth, R.B., Lonsdale, C.J., Tremblay, S., Pallot, D., Colegate, T., Wicenec, A., Kudryavtseva, N., Arcus, W., Barnes, D., Bernardi, G., Briggs, F., Burns, S., Bunton, J.D., Cappallo, R.J., Corey, B.E., Deshpande, A., Desouza, L., Gaensler, B.M., Greenhill, L.J., Hall, P.J., Hazelton, B.J., Herne, D., Hewitt, J.N., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kaplan, D.L., Kasper, J.C., Kincaid, B.B., Koenig, R., Kratzenberg, E., Lynch, M.J., Mckinley, B., Mcwhirter, S.R., Morgan, E., Oberoi, D., Pathikulangara, J., Prabu, T., Remillard, R.A., Rogers, A.E.E., Roshi, A., Salah, J.E., Sault, R.J., Udaya-Shankar, N., Schlagenhaufer, F., Srivani, K.S., Stevens, J., Subrahmanyan, R., Waterson, M., Webster, R.L., Whitney, A.R., Williams, A., Williams, C.L., Wyithe, J.S.B.: 2013, The Murchison Widefield Array: the square kilometre array precursor at low radio frequencies. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 30, e007. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuchiya, A.: 1963, Polarization of storm bursts of solar radio emission at 200 Mc/s. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 15, 368. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tun, S.D., Vourlidas, A.: 2013, Derivation of the magnetic field in a coronal mass ejection core via multi-frequency radio imaging. Astrophys. J. 766, 130. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Vocks, C., Mann, G., Breitling, F., Bisi, M.M., Da̧browski, B., Fallows, R., Gallagher, P.T., Krankowski, A., Magdalenić, J., Marqué, C., Morosan, D., Rucker, H.: 2018, LOFAR observations of the quiet solar corona. Astron. Astrophys. 614, A54. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wayth, R.B., Tingay, S.J., Trott, C.M., Emrich, D., Johnston-Hollitt, M., McKinley, B., Gaensler, B.M., Beardsley, A.P., Booler, T., Crosse, B., Franzen, T.M.O., Horsley, L., Kaplan, D.L., Kenney, D., Morales, M.F., Pallot, D., Sleap, G., Steele, K., Walker, M., Williams, A., Wu, C., Cairns, I.H., Filipovic, M.D., Johnston, S., Murphy, T., Quinn, P., Staveley-Smith, L., Webster, R., Wyithe, J.S.B.: 2018, The phase II Murchison Widefield Array: design overview. Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. 35, e033. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wentzel, D.G.: 1984, Polarization of fundamental type III radio bursts. Solar Phys. 90, 139. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wentzel, D.G., Zlobec, P., Messerotti, M.: 1986, A test for large-angle radio scattering in the solar corona. Astron. Astrophys. 159, 40. ADS .

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • White, S.M.: 1999, Radio versus EUV/X-ray observations of the solar atmosphere. Solar Phys. 190, 309. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • White, S.M., Kundu, M.R.: 1997, Radio observations of gyroresonance emission from coronal magnetic fields. Solar Phys. 174, 31. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • White, S.M., Thejappa, G., Kundu, M.R.: 1992, Observations of mode coupling in the solar corona and bipolar noise storms. Solar Phys. 138, 163. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Willes, A.J., Melrose, D.B.: 1997, The polarisation of second harmonic coronal type III bursts. Solar Phys. 171, 393. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Willson, R.F.: 2005, Very large array and SOHO observations of type I noise storms, large-scale loops and magnetic restructuring in the corona. Solar Phys. 227, 311. DOI . ADS .

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zheleznyakov, V.V.: 1970, Radio Emission of the Sun and Planets. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheleznyakov, V.V.: 1977, Electromagnetic Waves in Cosmic Plasma. Generation and Propagation. ADS .

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheleznyakov, V.V., Zlotnik, E.Y.: 1964, Polarization of radio waves passing through a transverse magnetic field region in the solar corona. Soviet Astron. 7, 485. ADS .

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was primarily supported by the Australian Government through an Endeavour Postgraduate Scholarship. P. McCauley acknowledges the Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AOARD) of the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) for travel support through the Windows on Science (WOS) program. I. Cairns and J. Morgan acknowledge support from AFOSR grants FA9550-18-1-0671 and FA9550-18-1-0473, respectively. We thank Don Melrose and Sarah Gibson for helpful discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee for a careful reading and constructive comments. This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO), operated by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government’s National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. We acknowledge the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre, which is supported by the Western Australian and Australian Governments. The SDO is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) satellite, and we acknowledge the AIA and HMI science teams for providing open access to data and software. This research has also made use of NASA’s Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and the Virtual Solar Observatory (VSO, Hill et al. 2009).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Patrick I. McCauley & Iver H. Cairns

  2. Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM, USA

    Stephen M. White

  3. National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Ganeshkind, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India

    Surajit Mondal & Divya Oberoi

  4. CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW, 1710, Australia

    Emil Lenc

  5. International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia

    John Morgan

Authors
  1. Patrick I. McCauley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Iver H. Cairns
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Stephen M. White
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Surajit Mondal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Emil Lenc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. John Morgan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Divya Oberoi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Patrick I. McCauley.

Ethics declarations

Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Below are the links to the electronic supplementary material.

(MP4 747 kB)

(MP4 1.2 MB)

(MP4 959 kB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

McCauley, P.I., Cairns, I.H., White, S.M. et al. The Low-Frequency Solar Corona in Circular Polarization. Sol Phys 294, 106 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1502-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1502-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation