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Effects of mutations of D1-R323, D1-N322, D1-D319, D1-H304 on the functioning of photosystem II in Thermosynechococcus vulcanus

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Abstract

Photosystem II (PSII) has a number of hydrogen-bonding networks connecting the manganese cluster with the lumenal bulk solution. The structure of PSII from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus (T. vulcanus) showed that D1-R323, D1-N322, D1-D319 and D1-H304 are involved in one of these hydrogen-bonding networks located in the interfaces between the D1, CP43 and PsbV subunits. In order to investigate the functions of these residues in PSII, we generated seven site-directed mutants D1-R323A, D1-R323E, D1-N322R, D1-D319L, D1-D319R, D1-D319Y and D1-H304D of T. vulcanus and examined the effects of these mutations on the growth and functions of the oxygen-evolving complex. The photoautotrophic growth rates of these mutants were similar to that of the wild type, whereas the oxygen-evolving activities of the mutant cells were decreased differently to 63–91% of that of the wild type at pH 6.5. The mutant cells showed a higher relative activity at higher pH region than the wild type cells, suggesting that higher pH facilitated proton egress in the mutants. In addition, oxygen evolution of thylakoid membranes isolated from these mutants showed an apparent decrease compared to that of the cells. This is due to the loss of PsbU during purification of the thylakoid membranes. Moreover, PsbV was also lost in the PSII core complexes purified from the mutants. Taken together, D1-R323, D1-N322, D1-D319 and D1-H304 are vital for the optimal function of oxygen evolution and functional binding of extrinsic proteins to PSII core, and may be involved in the proton egress pathway mediated by YZ.

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Abbreviations

CmR :

Chloramphenicol-resistant gene cassette

StrR :

Streptomycin-resistant gene cassette

DCBQ:

2,6-Dichloro-p-benzoquinone

DCMU:

3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PCET:

Proton-coupled electron transfer

Q A :

PSII primary quinone electron acceptor

Q B :

PSII secondary quinone electron acceptor

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Funding

Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470339), National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0503700, 2020YFA0907600), CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-004), CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team (JCTD-2020-06), and A Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS (XDA26050402).

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  1. Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China

    Qingjun Zhu, Yanyan Yang, Yanan Xiao, Wenhui Han, Xingyue Li, Wenda Wang, Tingyun Kuang, Jian-Ren Shen & Guangye Han

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qingjun Zhu, Yanan Xiao, Wenhui Han & Xingyue Li

  3. The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 Beichen West Rd., Beijing, 100101, China

    Jian-Ren Shen

  4. Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima Naka 3-1-1, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Jian-Ren Shen

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  1. Qingjun Zhu
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Zhu, Q., Yang, Y., Xiao, Y. et al. Effects of mutations of D1-R323, D1-N322, D1-D319, D1-H304 on the functioning of photosystem II in Thermosynechococcus vulcanus. Photosynth Res 152, 193–206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-022-00920-z

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