Abstract
The role of school-based disaster education in mitigating natural disaster has received extensive emphasis across the world. After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the elementary and secondary schools in China have attached more importance to disaster education. However, it is unclear about the outcome up to now. Therefore, we conduct a relatively extensive survey in Beijing, Hunan, Guangdong and Sichuan recently, based on the perspectives of both students and teachers, so as to explore their attitude, gains, and expectations. The findings indicate that, first, it is the consensus that school-based disaster education should be enhanced to raise the awareness and capability of students to address disasters. Second, school-based disaster education has received overall positive outcome in recent years, although there are also 18% students expressing that their schools have not opened disaster curricula or they are unclear about that. Third, almost all the teachers argue that schools should develop disaster-related curricula, incorporate disaster education curricula into the compulsory curricula, and design special textbooks for disaster education. Finally, most teachers insist that the school-based disaster education has limited effect on students to improve their disaster prevention awareness and capability; in particular, the disaster education tends to impart knowledge for the most part but lack attractiveness and local features.
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Notes
The reasons we select these surveyed regions are based on their evident natural disasters; specifically, there are significant smog and haze in Beijing, typhoon in Guangdong, earthquake in Sichuan, and flood in Hunan. Meanwhile, all of them face severe pressure of fire hazards.
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Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Education Science Planning Fund of Hunan Province in China (No. XJK016BGD010), Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education in China (No. 16YJC880117), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China (No. 10532201737). We also would like to thank the Editor Professor T. S. Murty and two respectable reviewers for their great help.
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Zhu, TT., Zhang, YJ. An investigation of disaster education in elementary and secondary schools: evidence from China. Nat Hazards 89, 1009–1029 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-3004-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-3004-2