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Complete genome sequences of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses: perspectives on their temporal and spatial dynamics

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Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been investigated extensively at the molecular level. Nevertheless, genome wide study on the temporal and spatial dynamics of the virus is non-existed. To explore this topic, we determined complete coding genome sequences for four PRRSV isolates and analyzed them together with 122 global published ones using the Bayesian coalescent approach as well as Bayesian inferences and maximum likelihood methods. All EU-type viruses belonged to one of two groups or were unclassified (5 isolates), and all NA-type isolates were divided into one of three major groups or were unclassified (1 isolate). Here, there was no apparent association between temporal or geographic origin and heterogeneity of global PRRSVs. Of the eight ORFs, ORF1a showed the most powerful evolutionary signal. Our findings also indicated that the PRRS virus evolved at a rate of 1.98 × 10−3 substitutions/site/year, and the most recent common ancestor of the virus existed 786.4 years ago. Here, EU-type viruses segregated 115.7 years ago, while NA-type isolates diverged 179.8 years before the present. In addition, our reconstruction of the effective population size depicted five phases of epidemic growth: an initial constant, followed sequentially by slow decrease, slight increase, sharp decline, and then a rapid expansion approaching the present.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (Nos. PJ008196 and PJ009019), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea

    Sook Hee Yoon & Heebal Kim

  2. Department of Veterinary Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea

    Hyekwon Kim & Bongkyun Park

  3. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea

    Jaemin Kim

  4. Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 456-749, Republic of Korea

    Hak-Kyo Lee

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  1. Sook Hee Yoon
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  2. Hyekwon Kim
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  3. Jaemin Kim
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  4. Hak-Kyo Lee
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  5. Bongkyun Park
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  6. Heebal Kim
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Correspondence to Bongkyun Park or Heebal Kim.

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Sook Hee Yoon and Hyekwon Kim have contributed in equal measure to the work.

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Yoon, S.H., Kim, H., Kim, J. et al. Complete genome sequences of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses: perspectives on their temporal and spatial dynamics. Mol Biol Rep 40, 6843–6853 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-013-2802-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-013-2802-1

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