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Landscape diversity and field border density enhance carabid diversity in adjacent grasslands and cereal fields

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Abstract

Context

Permanent grasslands have declined across Europe since the agricultural intensification. Grassland vicinity, landscape heterogeneity and vicinity of hedgerows are enhancing factors for farmland carabid (ground beetle) diversity. However, interrelation between grassland and cropland communities needs to be better known in various landscape context.

Objectives

In this study we disentangle the effects of different landscape indicators carabid communities of adjacent grasslands and cereal fields to assess mutual benefits of these two land cover types.

Methods

We sampled carabids in three agricultural plains of southeastern France, each associated with a gradient in grassland coverage. We used regression models to point out effects of landscape indicators on the separate, overall and common carabid species richness of paired cereal crops and grasslands.

Results

Landscape Shannon diversity and field border density explained best gamma species richness. In grasslands, we found a higher species richness when the landscape diversity increased, except in the study region dominated by grasslands. In cereal crops, the landscape parameters showed no significant effect on carabid richness. Finally, the common species richness from cereal fields and grasslands was explained by higher density of field borders between them, but also by higher grassland coverage where grasslands were the scarcest.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that cropland carabid communities may benefit from the habitat and resource complementation provided by grasslands. This finding pleads for the preservation of grasslands in cropped landscapes to favor carabids and illustrates the potential for enhanced biological control in future cropping systems with reduced pesticide inputs.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the farmers for their agreement to sample their fields and grasslands. This study took part in the research program “Ecological permeability of agricultural areas” by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (reference RA RA0015616) and the Region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes. The only involvement of the funders was to check this work’s compliance to the project goals on the occasion of a project steering committee. We also thank J. Johnson for the English correction of the manuscript.

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  1. AgroSchool for Life, Agroecology and Environment Research Group, ISARA, 23 rue Jean Baldassini, 69364, Lyon, France

    Damien Massaloux, Benoit Sarrazin, Anthony Roume, Vincent Tolon & Alexander Wezel

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  1. Damien Massaloux
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  2. Benoit Sarrazin
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  3. Anthony Roume
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  4. Vincent Tolon
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  5. Alexander Wezel
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Correspondence to Damien Massaloux.

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Massaloux, D., Sarrazin, B., Roume, A. et al. Landscape diversity and field border density enhance carabid diversity in adjacent grasslands and cereal fields. Landscape Ecol 35, 1857–1873 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01063-z

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