Abstract
The pine caterpillar moth, Dendrolimus kikuchii Matsumura (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), is a pest of economic importance on pine in southwest China. Three active compounds were detected during analyses of solvent extracts and effluvia sampled by solid phase microextraction (SPME) from virgin female D. kikuchii using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with electroantennographic (EAG) recording with antennae from a male moth. The compounds were identified as (5Z,7E)-5,7-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (Z5,E7-12:OAc), (5Z,7E)-5,7-dodecadien-1-ol (Z5,E7-12:OH), and (5Z)-5-dodecenyl acetate (Z5-12:OAc) by comparison of their GC retention indices, mass spectra, and EAG activities with those of synthetic standards. Microchemical reactions of gland extracts provided further information confirming the identifications of the three components. Solvent extractions and SPME samples of pheromone effluvia from virgin calling females provided 100:18:0.6 and 100:7:1 ratios of Z5,E7-12:OAc:Z5,E7-12:OH:Z5-12:OAc, respectively. Field behavioral assays showed that Z5,E7-12:OAc and Z5,E7-12:OH were essential for attraction of male D. kikuchii moths. However, the most attractive blend contained these three components in a 100:20:25 ratio in a gray rubber septa. Our results demonstrated that the blend of Z5,E7-12:OAc, Z5,E7-12:OH, and Z5-12:OAc comprise the sex pheromone of D. kikuchii. The optimized three-component lure blend is recommended for monitoring D. kikuchii infestations.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Dr. Blanka Kalinová, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Dr. Steven J. Seybold, USDA Forest Service, Davis, CA, for critical comments on an earlier version of this manuscript; to Dr. Jocelyn G. Millar, University of California Riverside, CA, for corrections on the revised version. We gratefully acknowledge three anonymous reviewers for their perceptive and constructive comments on this manuscript. We also thank Simao Department of Pests and Quarantine Control Station for assistance with field trials. This work was supported by grants 30771737 and 30300275 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Partial financial support from Basic Research Special Funds of Central Public Welfare Research Institutes (CAFRIFEEP201002) and Forest Conservation and Community Development Project is also gratefully acknowledged.
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Kong, XB., Sun, XL., Wang, HB. et al. Identification of Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Simao Pine Caterpillar Moth, Dendrolimus kikuchii Matsumura. J Chem Ecol 37, 412–419 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-9932-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-011-9932-5