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From Top-Down to Bottom-Up to Hybrid Nanotechnologies: Road to Nanodevices

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The current development and future prospects of nanotechnology are discussed with special emphasis on the pros and cons of the “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches to nanotechnology, and the eventual merging of the two, at the scale of about 30 nm in feature size, to form a new “hybrid” technology. At the scale of about 3 nm in feature size, this “hybrid” technology will be challenged by the emerging “supramolecular” and “molecular” technologies epitomized by large-scale integration of single-molecule devices. Ultimately the “supramolecular” and “molecular” technologies will yield to “atomic” or “nuclear” technologies at the dimension of below 0.3 nm whereby single-atom, single-electron, single-spin, single-photon devices become realities.

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Author notes

  1. X. H. Sun

    Present address: Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA

    Boon K. Teo

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

    X. H. Sun

Authors
  1. Boon K. Teo
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  2. X. H. Sun
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Correspondence to Boon K. Teo or X. H. Sun.

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Teo, B.K., Sun, X.H. From Top-Down to Bottom-Up to Hybrid Nanotechnologies: Road to Nanodevices. J Clust Sci 17, 529–540 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-006-0086-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-006-0086-5

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