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Improvement of the critical current density in Bi-2223 ceramics by sodium–silver co-doping

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Abstract

Bi1.46Pb0.36Ag0.18Sr2Ca3Cu4−xNaxOy (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25) samples were prepared by a conventional solid state reaction method. The prepared samples are characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscope, dc electrical resistivity and magnetic-hysteresis loop measurements. It has been shown that the Na doping in low contents significantly improves the physical properties of Bi-2223 phase. Magnetic hysteresis measurements have shown that the largest hysteresis curve belongs to Bi1.46Pb0.36Ag0.18Sr2Ca3Cu3.95Na0.05Oy sample including x = 0.05 Na content, indicating that it has best flux pinning capability in samples produced in this work. In addition, Jc values of the samples were calculated from the hysteresis loop measurement by using the Bean’s model showing that Jc increases with small amounts of sodium–silver co-doping.

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Acknowledgments

All samples have been prepared in the MEİTAM Central Laboratory in Mersin University in Turkey. SEM measurements have been made in the MEİTAM Central Laboratory in Mersin University, the other measurements in this study have been made in the METU Central Laboratory in Middle East Technical University in Ankara in Turkey. On the other hand, I wish to thank M.Sc. Aynur GÜRBÜZ in the MEİTAM Central Laboratory and M.Sc. Ali GÜZEL, Dr. Ibrahim ÇAM in the METU Central Laboratory for their experimental support and very meticulous work.

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  1. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Tarsus Technology, University of Mersin, Mersin, Turkey

    Berdan Özkurt

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  1. Berdan Özkurt
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Correspondence to Berdan Özkurt.

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Özkurt, B. Improvement of the critical current density in Bi-2223 ceramics by sodium–silver co-doping. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 25, 3295–3300 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2017-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2017-9

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