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The use of a rotating cylinder electrode to selective recover palladium from acid solutions used to manufacture automotive catalytic converters

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Abstract

The reduction of palladium, rhodium and neodymium ions at concentrations of 0.94, 0.97 and 0.69 mol dm−3, respectively was studied in 1 mol dm−3 HNO3 or 1 mol dm−3 HCl, at a stainless steel and a vitreous carbon electrode, at 25 °C. At a vitreous carbon electrode in a solution containing rhodium and palladium ions in 1 mol dm−3 HCl electrolyte, the reduction of metal ions occurred at a similar potential to the formation of hydrogen gas, which impeded the selective separation of the two metals. At a stainless steel cathode in 1 mol dm−3 HNO3, palladium deposition occurred at a potential ≈0.35 V less negative than that of rhodium allowing the selective recovery of palladium. Neodymium ions were not electroactive in acidic chloride or nitrate media at pH 0. Using a solution obtained from a catalytic converter manufacturer containing palladium, rhodium and neodymium ions in 1 mol dm−3 HNO3, palladium ions were preferentially removed at 0.15 V versus SHE at an average cumulative current efficiency of 57%.

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Acknowledgments

J.E. Terrazas-Rodríguez is grateful to CONACYT for his PhD scholarship, 181828. The authors are grateful to K. Wróbel, L.A. García and O. Fermín for ICP-MS, SEM analysis and contribution to the experimental work, respectively. D. Rojas provided the industrial samples via the project FOMIX GTO-2007-C02-69453, CONACYT-Guanajuato.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Cerro de la Venada S/N, Pueblito de Rocha, CP 36040, Guanajuato, Gto, México

    J. E. Terrazas-Rodríguez, S. Gutiérrez-Granados & M. A. Alatorre-Ordaz

  2. Electrochemical Engineering Laboratory, Energy Technology Research Group, School of Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

    C. Ponce de León & F. C. Walsh

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  1. J. E. Terrazas-Rodríguez
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  2. S. Gutiérrez-Granados
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  3. M. A. Alatorre-Ordaz
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  4. C. Ponce de León
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  5. F. C. Walsh
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Correspondence to M. A. Alatorre-Ordaz.

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Terrazas-Rodríguez, J.E., Gutiérrez-Granados, S., Alatorre-Ordaz, M.A. et al. The use of a rotating cylinder electrode to selective recover palladium from acid solutions used to manufacture automotive catalytic converters. J Appl Electrochem 41, 89–97 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-010-0212-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-010-0212-9

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