Abstract
The Cramér–Rao bound, satisfied by classical Fisher information, a key quantity in information theory, has been shown in different contexts to give rise to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we show that the identification of the mean quantum potential, an important notion in Bohmian mechanics, with the Fisher information, leads, through the Cramér–Rao bound, to an uncertainty principle which is stronger, in general, than both Heisenberg and Robertson–Schrödinger uncertainty relations, allowing to experimentally test the validity of such an identification.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bohm, D.: A suggested interpretation of the quantum theory in terms of “hidden’’ variables. I. Phys. Rev. 85, 166 (1952)
Bohm, D.: A suggested interpretation of the quantum theory in terms of “hidden’’ variables, II. Phys. Rev. 85, 180 (1952)
Bohm, D., Hiley, B.J.: The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Routledge, London (1995)
Holland, P.R.: The Quantum Theory of Motion. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)
Dürr, D., Teufel, S.: Bohmian Mechanics. Springer, New York (2009)
Cushing, J.T., Fine, A., Goldstein, S.: Bohmian Mechanics and Quantum Theory: An Appraisal, vol. 184. Springer, New York (2013)
Passon, O.: How to teach quantum mechanics. Eur. J. Phys. 25, 765 (2004)
Monton, B.: Wave function ontology. Synthese 130, 265–277 (2002)
Faye, J.: Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. In: Zalta, E.N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Stanford (2019)
Bohm, D.: Causality and Chance in Modern Physics, 2nd edn. Routledge, London (1984)
Berry, M.V.: Quantum backflow, negative kinetic energy, and optical retro-propagation. J. Phys. A (2010). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/43/41/415302
Goldstein, S.: Bohmian Mechanics. In: Zalta, E.N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Stanford (2021)
Bohm, D., Hiley, B.J.: Measurement understood through the quantum potential approach. Found. Phys. 14, 255–274 (1984)
Ly, A., et al.: A tutorial on fisher information. J. Math. Psychol. 80, 40 (2017)
Fisher, R.A.: On the mathematical foundations of theoretical statistics. Trans. R. Soc. A 222, 309–368 (1922)
Fisher, R.: Theory of statistical estimation. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 22, 700 (1925)
Helstrom, C.W.: Quantum detection and estimation theory. J. Stat. Phys. 1, 231–252 (1969)
Yuen, H., Lax, M.: Multiple-parameter quantum estimation and measurement of nonselfadjoint observables. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor. 19, 740 (1973)
Alipour, S., Rezakhani, A.T.: Extended convexity of quantum fisher information in quantum metrology. Phys. Rev. A 91, 042104 (2015)
Brody, D.C., Hughston, L.P.: Geometry of quantum statistical inference. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2851 (1996)
Li, N., Luo, S.: Entanglement detection via quantum fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 88, 014301 (2013)
Kay, S.M.: Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory. Prentice-Hall Inc., Hoboken (1993)
Robertson, H.P.: The uncertainty principle. Phys. Rev. 34, 163 (1929)
Reginatto, M.: Derivation of the equations of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics using the principle of minimum fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 58, 1775 (1998)
Hall, M.J.W.: Quantum properties of classical fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 62, 012107 (2000)
Heifetz, E., Cohen, E.: Toward a thermo-hydrodynamic like description of Schrödinger equation via the Madelung formulation and fisher information. Found. Phys. 45, 1514–1525 (2015)
Heifetz, E., Tsekov, R., Cohen, E., et al.: On entropy production in the Madelung fluid and the role of Bohm’s potential in classical diffusion. Found. Phys. 46, 815–824 (2016)
Frieden, B.R., Binder, P.M.: Physics from fisher information: a unification. Am. J. Phys. 68, 1064 (2000)
Frieden, B.R., Gatenby, R.A.: Principle of maximum fisher information from hardy’s axioms applied to statistical systems. Phys. Rev. E 88, 042144 (2013)
Reginatto, M.J.W., Reginatto, M.: Schrödinger equation from an exact uncertainty principle. J. Phys. A (2002). https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/35/14/310
Stam, A.J.: Some inequalities satisfied by the quantities of information of Fisher and Shannon. Inf. Control 2, 101 (1959)
Luo, S.: Fisher information, kinetic energy and uncertainty relation inequalities. J. Phys. A 35, 1–10 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/35/25/303
Zwierz, M., Pérez-Delgado, C.A., Kok, P.: Ultimate limits to quantum metrology and the meaning of the Heisenberg limit. Phys. Rev. A 85, 042112 (2012)
Gibilisco, P., Isola, T.: Uncertainty principle and quantum fisher information. Ann. Inst. Stat. Math. 59, 147–159 (2006)
Fröwis, F., Schmied, R., Gisin, N.: Tighter quantum uncertainty relations following from a general probabilistic bound. Phys. Rev. A 92, 012102 (2015)
Carmi, A., Cohen, E.: Relativistic independence bounds nonlocality. Sci. Adv. 5, eaav8370 (2019)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by Grant No. FQXi-RFP-CPW-2006 from the Foundational Questions Institute and Fetzer Franklin Fund, a donor-advised fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation. E.C. was supported by the Israeli Innovation Authority under Projects No. 70002 and No. 73795, by the Pazy Foundation, by ELTA Systems LTD—Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) division, by the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology, and by the Quantum Science and Technology Program of the Israeli Council of Higher Education.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Both authors contributed significantly to all aspects of the work.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Bloch, Y., Cohen, E. The Identification of Mean Quantum Potential with Fisher Information Leads to a Strong Uncertainty Relation. Found Phys 52, 117 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-022-00638-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-022-00638-x