Abstract
Atmospheric boundary-layer dynamics over heterogeneous surfaces is significant to a wide array of geophysical and engineering applications. Yet, despite over five decades of intense efforts by the research community, numerous open research questions remain. This underlines the complexity of the physical processes that are excited by heterogeneity, the multitude of patterns and manifestations that it can display, and the importance of the implications to research in the atmospheric sciences and beyond. Here, existing knowledge is reviewed and a path forward for research is proposed, starting with the smaller scales near a surface transition and proceeding to the influence on large-scale dynamics and their forecasting.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank an anonymous reviewer whose comments helped the authors greatly in improving this review. E.B.Z. was supported by the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment at Princeton University and the Physical and Dynamic Meteorology Program of the National Science Foundation under AGS-1026636. G.K. acknowledges support from NSF-AGS-1644382 and NSF-IOS-1754893. Larry Mahrt was supported by Grant 1945587 from the National Science Foundation.
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Bou-Zeid, E., Anderson, W., Katul, G.G. et al. The Persistent Challenge of Surface Heterogeneity in Boundary-Layer Meteorology: A Review. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 177, 227–245 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-020-00551-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-020-00551-8