Abstract
Siderophores are low molecular weight, high-affinity iron(III) ligands, produced by bacteria to solubilize and promote iron uptake under low iron conditions. Two prominent structural features characterize the majority of the marine siderophores discovered so far: (1) a predominance of suites of amphiphilic siderophores composed of an iron(III)-binding headgroup that is appended by one or two of a series of fatty acids and (2) a prevalence of siderophores that contain α-hydroxycarboxylic acid moieties (e.g., β-hydroxyaspartic acid or citric acid) which are photoreactive when coordinated to Fe(III). Variation of the fatty acid chain length affects the relative amphiphilicity within a suite of siderophores. Catecholate sulfonation is another structural variation that would affect the hydrophilicity of a siderophore. In addition to a review of the marine amphiphilic siderophores, we report the production of petrobactin disulfonate by Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8.
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Support from the National Institutes of Health GM38130 is gratefully acknowledged.
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Homann, V.V., Edwards, K.J., Webb, E.A. et al. Siderophores of Marinobacter aquaeolei: petrobactin and its sulfonated derivatives. Biometals 22, 565–571 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-009-9237-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-009-9237-0