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Effects of long-term cold storage on maternal and progeny fitness of laboratory-reared Harmonia axyridis adults

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Abstract

Long-term cold storage is a commonly used technique in mass rearing of natural enemies, but it brings a diversity of negative effects, especially for the laboratory-reared biocontrol agents. Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an important natural enemy of aphids. In this study, the laboratory-reared H. axyridis adults were stored at 6 °C for up to 120 days, and the accompanying effects on maternal and progeny fitness were evaluated and compared with the non-stored beetles (control). Before storage, the newly emerged adults were fed with β-carotene-amended artificial diet for ten days and then acclimated at 15 °C for two days. The mass and trehalose content of the beetle were inversely proportional to the storage duration. The survival rates of the cold-stored beetles decreased as the storage duration increased. However, the survival rates were still above 50% after 120 days in storage (DIS-120). The DIS-120 beetles had a similar fecundity but a significantly longer pre-oviposition period than the control beetles. The egg hatch rates of the DIS-120 beetles were above 60% during the first six days and then dramatically decreased to near zero after day 13. However, the egg viability of the fertility-reduced beetles could be partially restored to approximately 40% by re-mating with non-stored partners. The F1 offspring of the DIS-120 beetles also had a sustained high fecundity but significantly lower egg hatch rate than the F1 offspring of the control beetles. This study demonstrated that the laboratory-reared H. axyridis could be cold stored for approximately 120 days, and their reproductive capability was still acceptable.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available in the fgshare repository. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13663613

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the assistance of all staff and students in the Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China. Funding of this research was partially supported by the following Grants: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960561), the Funds for Fuxi Young Scientific Talents of Gansu Agricultural University (Gaufx-03Y05), the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (20JR5RA006), and the Program of Introducing Talents to Chinese Universities (111 Program no. D20023). The paper has benefitted greatly from the comments of editor and anonymous reviewers.

Funding

We would like to thank the funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960561) to YXS, the Funds for Fuxi Young Scientific Talents of Gansu Agricultural University (Gaufx-03Y05) to YXS, the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (20JR5RA006) to YXS, and the Program of Introducing Talents to Chinese Universities (111 Program no. D20023) to JJZ.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Yuan-Xing Sun, Ya-Nan Hao, Jing-Jiang Zhou, Chang-Zhong Liu & Sen-Shan Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China

    Jing-Jiang Zhou

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  1. Yuan-Xing Sun
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Contributions

YXS and CZL designed the research; YXS, YNH, and SSW conducted experiments and analyzed data. YXS, JJZ and YNH wrote the paper. JJZ made critical revisions and proofreading. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yuan-Xing Sun.

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The following insects used in this study commonly occurred in the agricultural field, e.g. Harmonia axyridis, Aphis craccivora, A. pisum and Myzus persicae. The pork liver component in artificial diet was purchased from a market in China, which is a well-received food for many people.

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Handling Editor: Eric Riddick.

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Sun, YX., Hao, YN., Zhou, JJ. et al. Effects of long-term cold storage on maternal and progeny fitness of laboratory-reared Harmonia axyridis adults. BioControl 67, 395–405 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-022-10144-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-022-10144-8

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