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Limnobacter alexandrii sp. nov., a thiosulfate-oxidizing, heterotrophic and EPS-bearing Burkholderiaceae isolated from cultivable phycosphere microbiota of toxic Alexandrium catenella LZT09

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Abstract

A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, motile and short rod-shaped bacterium with exopolysaccharides production, designated as LZ-4T, was isolated from cultivable phycosphere microbiota of harmful algal blooms-causing marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella LZT09 which produces paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. Strain LZ-4T was able to use thiosulfate (optimum concentration 10 mM) as energy source for bacterial growth. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain LZ-4T belonged to the genus Limnobacter, showing high 16S rRNA gene sequences similarities with L. thiooxidans DSM 13612T (99.4%), L. humi NBRC 11650T (98.2%) and L. litoralis NBRC 105857T (97.2%), respectively. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between LZ-4T and L. thiooxidans DSM 13612T were 78.9 and 21.9%, respectively. Both values were far lower than the thresholds (95–96% for ANI and 70% for dDDH) generally accepted for new species delineation. The respiratory quinone of strain LZ-4T was Q-8. The dominant cellular fatty acids were determined as summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c/ω7c), summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω6c/ω7c) and C16:0. Polar lipids profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain LZ-4T was 52.5 mol%. Based on polyphasic characterization, strain LZ-4T represents a novel species of the genus Limnobacter, for which the name Limnobacter alexandrii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LZ-4T (=CCTCC AB 2019004T  =KCTC 72281T).

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Abbreviations

ABI:

Algae-bacteria interaction

AL:

Aminolipid

ANI:

Average nucleotide identity

APL:

Aminophospholipids

dDDH:

Digital DNA-DNA hybridization

DPG:

Diphosphatidylglycerol

EPS:

Exopolysaccharides

GL:

Glycolipid

HABs:

Harmful algal blooms

MA:

Marine agar

ML:

Maximum likelihood

MP:

Maximum parsimony

NJ:

Neighbour joining

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PG:

Phosphatidylglycerol

PL:

Phospholipids

PM:

Phycosphere microbiota

PSTs:

Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins

UBCG:

Up-to-date bacterial core gene

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Funding

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41876114), Special Fund for Scientific Innovation Strategy-construction of High Level Academy of Agriculture Science (R2020YJ-LJ001), China Spark Program (2015GA700094), Medical Health Science Foundation Program of the Health Department of Zhejiang Province (2020RC137), Science and Technology Program of Zhoushan City (2017C32089), and Medical Health Science Foundation Program of the Health Department of Zhoushan City (2018G02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ABI Group of GPM Project, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, People’s Republic of China

    Yuhan Duan, Zhiwei Jiang, Zheng Wu, Jingya Sun, Xiaoling Zhang & Qiao Yang

  2. Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People’s Republic of China

    Zhiwei Jiang & Xi Yang

  3. Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, People’s Republic of China

    Zhi Sheng

  4. Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan Municipal Center For Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, 316021, People’s Republic of China

    Xinwei Yu & Jianbo Yan

Authors
  1. Yuhan Duan
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  2. Zhiwei Jiang
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  3. Zheng Wu
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  4. Zhi Sheng
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  5. Xi Yang
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  6. Jingya Sun
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  7. Xiaoling Zhang
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  8. Qiao Yang
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  9. Xinwei Yu
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  10. Jianbo Yan
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Contributions

QY, XY, and JY conceived the project. QY, YD, ZJ, ZW, ZS, XY and JS performed the experiments. QY, YD, ZJ, ZW, ZS, XY and JS analyzed the data, and QY, YD, XZ, XY and JY drafted the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Qiao Yang, Xinwei Yu or Jianbo Yan.

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Duan, Y., Jiang, Z., Wu, Z. et al. Limnobacter alexandrii sp. nov., a thiosulfate-oxidizing, heterotrophic and EPS-bearing Burkholderiaceae isolated from cultivable phycosphere microbiota of toxic Alexandrium catenella LZT09. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 113, 1689–1698 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01473-8

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