Skip to main content
Log in

Investigating socio-economic ranking of cities in Turkey using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)

  • S.I.: BALCOR-2017
  • Published:
Annals of Operations Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Decision makers have to analyze both social and economic situation of the cities because of the budget constraint of the governments while considering investment to the cities. In this respect, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely used to determine the efficiency of the cities and to make clear the needs of the cities calling decision making units. In this study, socio-economic ranking of the cities of Turkey is presented by using DEA and linear discriminant analysis and the cities are compared to each other according to the socio-economic development efficiency scores. Then, the highlighted inferences about the cities are presented according to the NUTs-1 classification.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adler, N., Yazhemsky, E., & Tarverdyan, R. (2010). A framework to measure the relative socio-economic performance of developing countries. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 44(2), 73–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, P., & Petersen, N. (1993). A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment analysis. Management Science, 39(10), 1261–1264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, T. R., Hollingsworth, K. B., & Inman, L. B. (2002). The fixed weighting nature of a cross evaluation model. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 18(1), 249–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atan, M., Özgür, E., & Güler, H. (2004). Comparison of development levels of cities with multivariate statistical analyses and DEA. Gazi University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6(2), 25–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çakmak, E., & Örkçü, H. H. (2016). The evaluation of efficiency of provinces in Turkey by socio-economic main indicators using data envelopment analysis. Karabük University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 1, 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, D. S., & Kuo, Y. C. (2008). An approach for the two-group discriminant analysis: An application of DEA. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 47, 970–981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charnes, A., Cooper, W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, R. A. (1938). The statistical utilization of multiple measurements. Annals of Eugenics, 8(4), 376–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golany, B., & Thore, S. (1997). The economic and social performance of nations: Efficiency and returns to scale. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 31(3), 191–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalves, A. C., Almeida, M. V. R., Lins, M. P. E., & Samanez, C. P. (2013). Canonical correlation analysis in the definition of weight restrictions for data envelopment analysis. Journal of Applied Statistics, 40(5), 1032–1043.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. A., & Wichern, D. W. (2002). Applied multivariate statistical analysis. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kocher, M. G., Luptacik, M., & Sutter, M. (2006). Measuring productivity of research in economics: A cross-country study using DEA. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 40(4), 314–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OECD Economic Surveys: Turkey. (2016). http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-surveys-turkey-2016_eco_surveys-tur-2016-en.

  • Örkçü, H. H., & Bal, H. (2007). Data envelopment analysis approach to two-group classification problems and an experimental comparison with some classification models. Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 36(2), 169–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Örkçü, H. H., & Bal, H. (2012). A new approach to cross efficiency in data envelopment analysis and performance evaluation of Turkey cities. Gazi University Journal of Science, 25(1), 107–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poldaru, R., & Roots, J. (2014). A PCA–DEA approach to measure the quality of life in Estonian counties. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 48(1), 65–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poveda, A. C. (2011). Economic development and growth in Colombia: An empirical analysis with super-efficiency DEA and panel data models. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 45(4), 154–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Premachandra, I. M. (2001). A note on DEA vs principal component analysis: An improvement to Joe Zhu’s approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 132, 553–560.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Development. Economic and Social Indicators. http://www.mod.gov.tr/Pages/EconomicandSocialIndicators.aspx.

  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Development. Socio-economic rankings of development of provinces and regions in Turkey. General Directorate of Regional Development, Ankara, Turkey.

  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock. TRC Southeastern Anatolia region agriculture master plan.http://www.tarim.gov.tr/SGB/TARYAT/Belgeler/bolge_master_plan/TRC_GDAMP.pdf.

  • Şengül, Ü., Eslemian, S., & Eren, M. (2013). Economic activities of regions of level 2 according to statistical regional units classification (NUTS) in Turkey determining by using DEA and tobit model application. Journal of Management Sciences, 11(21), 75–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sexton, T. R., Silkman, R. H., & Hogan, A. J. (1986). Data envelopment analysis: Critique and extension. In R. H. Silkman (Ed.), Measuring efficiency: An assessment of data envelopment analysis (pp. 73–105). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinuany-Stern, Z., & Friedman, L. (1998). DEA and the discriminant analysis of ratios for ranking units. European Journal of Operational Research, 111, 470–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J. (1998). Data envelopment analysis vs principal component analysis: An illustrative study of economic performance of Chinese cities. European Journal of Operational Research, 111, 50–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehmet Güray Ünsal.

Appendices

Appendix 1

See Table 3.

Table 3 Classification of the cities in Turkey according to classical CCR

Appendix 2

See Table 4.

Table 4 Discriminant scores and ranking of the cities in Turkey according to the alternative algorithm

Appendix 3

See Table 5.

Table 5 Rankings of the cities in Turkey according to the methods

Appendix 4

See Table 6.

Table 6 The ranking list of the cities in Turkey according to the NUTs-1 classification

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ünsal, M.G., Nazman, E. Investigating socio-economic ranking of cities in Turkey using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Ann Oper Res 294, 281–295 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-017-2748-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-017-2748-0

Keywords

Navigation