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Patterns of Alcohol Abuse, Depression, and Intimate Partner Violence Among Township Mothers in South Africa Over 5 Years

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Abstract

Alcohol is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. In South Africa, alcohol abuse is hypothesized to correlate with women’s HIV status, mental health, and partner relationships over time. All pregnant women in 12 urban, low-income, Cape Town neighborhoods were interviewed at baseline, post-birth, and at 6, 12, 36, and 60 months following delivery with retention rates from 82.5 to 94%. Women were assessed for any alcohol use, problematic drinking, depression, intimate partner violence, and HIV status. Prior to pregnancy discovery and 5 years after giving birth, alcohol use was 25.8 and 24.7%, respectively. Most women decreased their alcohol use during pregnancy. Twenty-one percent reported alcohol use on two or more assessments, and only 15% of the mothers drinking alcohol at 5 years were also drinking at baseline. Mothers with depression had a higher likelihood of drinking alcohol compared to mothers who were not depressed only at baseline and 6 months post-birth. Mothers who experienced IPV had more than twice the likelihood of drinking alcohol compared to non-IPV mothers at all assessments. HIV positive mothers were more likely to drink alcohol compared to mothers without HIV prior to pregnancy discovery and at 5 years post-birth. These longitudinal trends in alcohol use among young women in South Africa represent a large economic, social, and health burden and must be addressed in a comprehensive manner.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (1R01AA017104), the National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH109205), the UCLA Center for HIV Identification, Prevention and Treatment Services (P30MH58107), the UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1TR000124), the UCLA Center for AIDS Research (P30AI028697), Ilifa Labantwana, the ELMA Foundation, the DG Murray Trust, and National Research Foundation (South Africa) and the Department for International Development (DfID-UK). ClinicalTrials.gov registration #NCT00972699.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA

    Emily C. Davis, Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, Thomas W. Weichle & Roxana Rezai

  2. Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa

    Mark Tomlinson

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  1. Emily C. Davis
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Correspondence to Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Davis, E.C., Rotheram-Borus, M.J., Weichle, T.W. et al. Patterns of Alcohol Abuse, Depression, and Intimate Partner Violence Among Township Mothers in South Africa Over 5 Years. AIDS Behav 21 (Suppl 2), 174–182 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1927-y

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