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Atmospheric pollen dispersion from herbicide-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis L.)

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Abstract

Horseweed (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) with evolved herbicide resistance has become an especially problematic weed in crop production across the USA and on four continents (North America, South America, Asia, and Europe). Spread of herbicide resistance can occur through pollen-mediated gene flow between resistant and susceptible horseweed populations. However, there are little knowledge, preventive guidelines, and mechanism modeling for pollen transport in this system. We need to better understand pollen dispersion and deposition in the context of atmospheric conditions, herbicide-resistant horseweed patch size, and buffer crop type, height, and field size. A mechanistic model is needed to account for these. A pollen dispersion and deposition model was calibrated and validated using 2013 experimental field data. The validated model was run for various combinations of atmospheric conditions, horseweed characteristics (source strength), and buffer species and size (pollen can be intercepted by crop plants). Large fields with crops with a high leaf area density and tall plants can effectively prevent pollen dispersion. The information will help provide guidelines for preventing herbicide resistance spread from herbicide-resistant weeds and genetically modified plants in general.

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Acknowledgements

This paper is part of a USDA funded project “Atmospheric Gene Flow in Horseweed” (USDA-NIFA-AFRI-Controlling Weedy and Invasive Plants Grant, 2012-67013-19687). The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from USDA, and the Illinois State Water Survey at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. We thank the excellent programming work by Ms. Xiufen Cui. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Illinois State Water Survey, the Prairie Research Institute, the University of Illinois, or the University of Tennessee.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Illinois State Water Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2204 Griffith Dr., Champaign, IL, 61820-7463, USA

      Junming Wang & Haiyan Huang

    2. School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

      Meilan Qi

    3. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN, USA

      Rongjian Ye & C. Neal Stewart

    4. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

      Xiangzhen Li

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    1. Junming Wang
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    Correspondence to Junming Wang or Meilan Qi.

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    Junming Wang, Meilan Qi, Haiyan Huang, and Rongjian Ye have contributed equally to the work.

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    Wang, J., Qi, M., Huang, H. et al. Atmospheric pollen dispersion from herbicide-resistant horseweed (Conyza canadensis L.). Aerobiologia 33, 393–406 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-017-9477-3

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