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Characterizing and Tuning Perfusion Parameters Within an Innovative, Versatile Oxygenating Perfusion System

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Abstract

The advantages of oxygenated perfusion are continuing to be demonstrated by many groups focused on improving the efficacy of tissue preservation for transplant, bioreactors for studies of basic tissue physiology, and closed-loop resuscitation. This work presents a novel and portable device that supplies oxygenated and pulsatile perfusion, both of which are regulated by a single pump-oxygenator component comprised of silicone tubes that are cyclically inflated/deflated with compressed oxygen. In this study, pump variables (oxygen supply pressure and length of a silicone tube) were evaluated against hydraulic elements that mimicked the vascular resistance of kidneys, livers, and hearts. The perfusion pressures, flow rates, and oxygenation rates produced by the device were characterized for all configurations of pump variables, and the pulse rates were tuned to improve performance. The device supplied perfusion pressures ranging from 3.5 to 109 mmHg, flow rates ranging from 1.4 to 71.8 mL min−1, and oxygenation rates up to 316.6 µmol min−1. From those results, it was determined that the device was capable of achieving perfusion parameters used in previous kidney, liver, and heart preservation studies. Ultimately, this research demonstrated the efficacy of a novel device that is designed to supply oxygenated perfusion across a range of applications.

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Abbreviations

SCS:

Static cold storage

MP:

Machine perfusion

HMP:

Hypothermic machine perfusion

NMP:

Normothermic machine perfusion

VOPS:

Versatile oxygenating perfusion system

PVC:

Polyvinyl chloride

L :

Length of tube (m)

R :

Vascular resistance (mmHg min mL−1)

r :

Inner radius of tube (m)

µ :

Greek, small letter Mu, viscosity (Pa s)

x(t):

Flow rate profile (mL min−1)

MFR :

Vector of estimated mean flow rates (mL min−1)

t :

Time (s)

t max :

Maximum evaluation time (s)

t c :

Closed time for three-way solenoid valve (s)

t o :

Open time for three-way solenoid valve (s)

PFopt :

Optimal pulse frequency (Hz)

DCopt :

Optimal duty cycle (%)

\({\dot{\text{O}}}_{2}\) :

Oxygenation rate (μmol min−1)

H c :

Van ’t Hoff relationship (mol m−3 Pa−1)

V sol :

Volume of perfusion solution in device (m3)

ΔP dev :

Change in device pressure (Pa)

t trial :

Time of trial (min)

K :

Henry’s law solubility constant for oxygen (mol m−3 Pa−1)

H :

Temperature dependence of the Henry solubility constant (K)

T amb :

Ambient temperature (K)

T o :

Reference temperature (K)

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Ender Finol and Dr. Christopher Combs for providing data collection equipment and David Kuenstler for assisting with the fabrication of the device.

Conflict of interest

This work was funded through a Department of Defense PRMRP; Award Number: W81XWH-18-1-0640. In addition, this team has filed for a provisional patent that includes the design and operation of the device described in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA

    Daniel J. Portillo, Stephen Rivas, Gabriela Pineda & R. Lyle Hood

  2. Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, JJL 260G, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Lauren Bayliss

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas–Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, 1201 W University Dr., Edinburg, TX, 78539, USA

    Lauren Bayliss

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA

    Sukhwinder Kaur & R. Lyle Hood

  5. Vascular Perfusion Solutions, Inc., San Antonio, TX, USA

    Leonid Bunegin

  6. Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    R. Lyle Hood

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  1. Daniel J. Portillo
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Correspondence to R. Lyle Hood.

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Associate Editor Stefan M. Duma oversaw the review of this article.

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Portillo, D.J., Bayliss, L., Rivas, S. et al. Characterizing and Tuning Perfusion Parameters Within an Innovative, Versatile Oxygenating Perfusion System. Ann Biomed Eng 49, 3154–3164 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-021-02843-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-021-02843-7

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