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Assessment of Plasma Resistivity as a Surrogate for Extracellular Fluid Resistivity: Analytical Performance and Impact of Fluid Composition

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Abstract

Bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) is frequently used to assess body composition in man. Its accuracy in patients is limited, possibly because the employed algorithms are based on the assumption that total body electrical resistance (TBER) is exclusively related to body water volume, and that variation in fluid composition and its effect on fluid resistivity can be ignored. This may introduce substantial calculation errors. The aim of this study was to develop an objective method to assess plasma resistivity (ρplasma) based on measurements by a conductivity probe, as a surrogate for extracellular fluid resistivity (ρe). Sample measurements were standardized at body temperature. Analytical variation was 0.6% within runs and 0.9% between runs. The critical difference, i.e. the smallest difference needed to consider changes within individuals significant, was 1.8% for measurements within runs and 4.3% for measurements between runs. The normal range was defined by a mean ± SD of 66.9 ± 1.8 Ω cm. Multiple regression demonstrated that ρplasma was inversely related to plasma sodium and chloride concentrations, and positively related to total protein (overall R2 = 0.92, p < 0.001). In conclusion, ρplasma measurements were sufficiently robust to be useful as a tool to examine and improve the validity of BIA in clinical settings.

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Acknowledgments

The authors want to thank Kurt Quarz, Damir Djulbic, and Huub Lievestro for their help with plasma resistivity measurements at the Rijnstate Hospital laboratory. This study was financed by the Radboud-Rijnstate Ph.D. funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Wagnerlaan 55, 6800 TA, Arnhem, The Netherlands

    J. M. Schotman, L. J. M. Reichert & H. de Boer

  2. Clinical Chemistry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands

    M. M. G. J. van Borren

  3. Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    J. M. Schotman, J. F. M. Wetzels & H. J. Kloke

Authors
  1. J. M. Schotman
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  2. M. M. G. J. van Borren
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  3. J. F. M. Wetzels
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  4. H. J. Kloke
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  5. L. J. M. Reichert
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  6. H. de Boer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. M. Schotman.

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Associate Editor Joel Stitzel oversaw the review of this article.

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Schotman, J.M., van Borren, M.M.G.J., Wetzels, J.F.M. et al. Assessment of Plasma Resistivity as a Surrogate for Extracellular Fluid Resistivity: Analytical Performance and Impact of Fluid Composition. Ann Biomed Eng 47, 1463–1469 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-019-02246-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-019-02246-9

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