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On the Significance of Systolic Flow Waveform on Aortic Valve Energy Loss

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Abstract

This study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively assess energy dissipation in the aortic valve as a function of systolic aortic flow waveform representing pathologies where flow time-to-peak is delayed. A bioprosthetic valve was tested in the aortic position of a left-heart simulator under physiological pressure and flow conditions. The flow loop piston pump was programmed to generate three different flow waveforms each with a different peak time annotated as early peak (EP) with a rapid acceleration, mid peak (MP) and late peak (LP) with a rapid deceleration. Energy dissipation was calculated from flow and pressure measurements while sinus vorticity dynamics were evaluated using time-resolved planar particle image velocimetry. Average pressure gradients during systole are found 30.2 ± 0.19, 30.7 ± 0.25 and 32.9 ± 0.29 mmHg and average dissipation over systole is found 0.95 ± 0.026, 1.05 ± 0.034 and 1.25 ± 0.043 W for EP, MP and LP respectively. As systole’s acceleration phase is slower, sinus vortices are more likely to form, necessitating more energy exchange from shear layers inducing more viscous dissipation. EP found in healthy individuals is superior in terms of reducing energy dissipation and increasing aortic valve efficiency. In the context of possible left ventricular dysfunction and aortic stenosis, this means that delayed time-to-peak in the aortic flow waveform seen is not compensatory.

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Acknowledgments

The research done was partly supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award Number R01HL119824.

Conflict of interest

Dr. Dasi reports having a patent application filed on novel polymeric valves, vortex generator and super-hydrophobic valve designs. No other conflicts were reported.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Hoda Hatoum & Lakshmi Prasad Dasi

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    Brandon L. Moore

  3. Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Lakshmi Prasad Dasi

Authors
  1. Hoda Hatoum
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  2. Brandon L. Moore
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  3. Lakshmi Prasad Dasi
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Correspondence to Lakshmi Prasad Dasi.

Additional information

Associate Editor Jane Grande-Allen oversaw the review of this article.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

10439_2018_2102_MOESM1_ESM.mp4

Video 1: Main sinus flow streak visualization for Early Peak, Mid Peak and Late Peak cases. Supplementary material 1 (MP4 4760 kb)

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Hatoum, H., Moore, B.L. & Dasi, L.P. On the Significance of Systolic Flow Waveform on Aortic Valve Energy Loss. Ann Biomed Eng 46, 2102–2111 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-2102-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-2102-y

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