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A Review of Integrin-Mediated Endothelial Cell Phenotype in the Design of Cardiovascular Devices

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Abstract

Sustained biomaterial thromboresistance has long been a goal and challenge in blood-contacting device design. Endothelialization is one of the most successful strategies to achieve long-term thromboresistance of blood-contacting devices, with the endothelial cell layer providing dynamic hemostatic regulation. It is well established that endothelial cell behavior is influenced by interactions with the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). Numerous researchers have sought to exploit these interactions to generate improved blood-contacting devices by investigating the expression of hemostatic regulators in endothelial cells on various ECM coatings. The ability to select substrates that promote endothelial cell-mediated thromboresistance is crucial to advancing material design strategies to improve cardiovascular device outcomes. This review provides an overview of endothelial cell regulation of hemostasis, the major components found within the cardiovascular basal lamina, and the interactions of endothelial cells with prominent ECM components of the basement membrane. A summary of ECM-mimetic strategies used in cardiovascular devices is provided with a focus on the effects of key adhesion modalities on endothelial cell regulators of hemostasis.

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Acknowledgments

Funding was provided by National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. R21 EB020978 and R01 EB013297).

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Allison Post & Ellen Wang

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, 107 W. Dean Keaton, BME 3.503D, 1 University Station, C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Elizabeth Cosgriff-Hernandez

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Post, A., Wang, E. & Cosgriff-Hernandez, E. A Review of Integrin-Mediated Endothelial Cell Phenotype in the Design of Cardiovascular Devices. Ann Biomed Eng 47, 366–380 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-02171-3

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