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In Vivo Response of Laser Processed Porous Titanium Implants for Load-Bearing Implants

  • Additive Manufacturing of Biomaterials, Tissues, and Organs
  • Published:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Applications of porous metallic implants to enhance osseointegration of load-bearing implants are increasing. In this work, porous titanium implants, with 25 vol.% porosity, were manufactured using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) to measure the influence of porosity towards bone tissue integration in vivo. Surfaces of the LENS™ processed porous Ti implants were further modified with TiO2 nanotubes to improve cytocompatibility of these implants. We hypothesized that interconnected porosity created via additive manufacturing will enhance bone tissue integration in vivo. To test our hypothesis, in vivo experiments using a distal femur model of male Sprague–Dawley rats were performed for a period of 4 and 10 weeks. In vivo samples were characterized via micro-computed tomography (CT), histological imaging, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical push-out tests. Our results indicate that porosity played an important role to establish early stage osseointegration forming strong interfacial bonding between the porous implants and the surrounding tissue, with or without surface modification, compared to dense Ti implants used as a control.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Scanco USA, Inc. for their help with high resolution micro CT experiment and analysis. Research reported in this publication was also supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers R01 AR067306-01A1 and R01 AR066361-01A1. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-2920, USA

    Amit Bandyopadhyay, Anish Shivaram, Solaiman Tarafder, Himanshu Sahasrabudhe, Dishary Banerjee & Susmita Bose

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  1. Amit Bandyopadhyay
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  2. Anish Shivaram
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  3. Solaiman Tarafder
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  4. Himanshu Sahasrabudhe
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  6. Susmita Bose
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Correspondence to Amit Bandyopadhyay.

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Associate Editor Amir Abbas Zadpoor oversaw the review of this article.

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Bandyopadhyay, A., Shivaram, A., Tarafder, S. et al. In Vivo Response of Laser Processed Porous Titanium Implants for Load-Bearing Implants. Ann Biomed Eng 45, 249–260 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-016-1673-8

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