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Augmenting Surgery via Multi-scale Modeling and Translational Systems Biology in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

  • Multi-Scale Modeling in the Clinic
  • Published:
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Abstract

In this era of tremendous technological capabilities and increased focus on improving clinical outcomes, decreasing costs, and increasing precision, there is a need for a more quantitative approach to the field of surgery. Multiscale computational modeling has the potential to bridge the gap to the emerging paradigms of Precision Medicine and Translational Systems Biology, in which quantitative metrics and data guide patient care through improved stratification, diagnosis, and therapy. Achievements by multiple groups have demonstrated the potential for (1) multiscale computational modeling, at a biological level, of diseases treated with surgery and the surgical procedure process at the level of the individual and the population; along with (2) patient-specific, computationally-enabled surgical planning, delivery, and guidance and robotically-augmented manipulation. In this perspective article, we discuss these concepts, and cite emerging examples from the fields of trauma, wound healing, and cardiac surgery.

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Abbreviations

ABM:

Agent-based models

CABG:

Coronary artery bypass grafting

CT:

Computed tomography

DAMP:

Damage-associated molecular pattern

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ED:

End-diastole

EDV:

End-diastolic volume

ESV:

End-systolic volume

LV:

Left ventricular

ODE:

Ordinary differential equation

PDE:

Partial differential equation

PDGF:

Platelet-derived group factor

pCT:

Preoperative CT

pMR:

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]

PUABM:

Pressure ulcer ABM

SVR:

Surgical ventricular restoration

TGF-β1:

Transforming growth factor-β1

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Acknowledgments

YV would like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grants P50-GM-5378, UO1-DK-072146, RO1-GM-107231-01A1); Department of Defense (Grants W911QY-14-1-0003 and W81XWH-14-DMRDP-CRMRP-RTRA); National Institute on Disability Rehabilitation Research Grant H133E070024; and a Shared University Research Award from IBM, Inc. GA would like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grants RO1-GM-115839-01 and P30-DK-42086). GK and JG would like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01-HL-118627, U01-HL-119578). JG would also like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grant R01-HL-077921). ES would like to acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (Grant CAREER CMMI 1452728). MIM would like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01-NS-049251, R21-NS-087796, and R01-CA-162477). SJ would like to acknowledge funding by the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01-NS-092853 and R21-NS-078607), and the Dartmouth Clinical and Translational Science Institute under Award KL2-TR-001088 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the NIH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA

    Ghassan S. Kassab

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Gary An

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Edward A. Sander

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA

    Michael I. Miga

  5. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Julius M. Guccione

  6. Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA

    Songbai Ji

  7. Department of Surgery and of Orthopaedic Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA

    Songbai Ji

  8. Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, W944 Starzl Biomedical Sciences Tower, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Yoram Vodovotz

  9. Center for Inflammation and Regenerative Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA

    Yoram Vodovotz

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  1. Ghassan S. Kassab
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Correspondence to Yoram Vodovotz.

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Associate Editor Thomas Yankeelov oversaw the review of this article.

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Kassab, G.S., An, G., Sander, E.A. et al. Augmenting Surgery via Multi-scale Modeling and Translational Systems Biology in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Ann Biomed Eng 44, 2611–2625 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-016-1596-4

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