Preface 2011

We deeply appreciate the great contributions of many physicians in the registry of esophageal cancer cases. The Comprehensive Registry of Esophageal Cancer in Japan, 2011, was published here, despite some delay. The registry complies with the Act for the Protection of Personal Information. The encryption with an HASH function is used for anonymity in an unlinkable fashion.

We briefly summarized the Comprehensive Registry of Esophageal Cancer in Japan, 2011. Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer 10th and UICC TNM Classification 7th were used for cancer staging according to the subjected year. A total of 6993 cases were registered from 300 institutions in Japan. Tumor locations were cervical: 4.5%, upper thoracic: 13.0%, middle thoracic: 47.8%, lower thoracic: 27.2%, and EG junction: 7.1%. Superficial carcinomas (Tis, T1a, and T1b) were 36.4%. For the histologic type of biopsy specimens, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma accounted for 88.3 and 5.3%, respectively. Regarding clinical results, the 5-year survival rates of patients treated using endoscopic resection, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy alone, or esophagectomy were 86.0, 28.1, 26.5, and 54.5%, respectively. The endoscopic submucosal dissection accounted for 78.1% of endoscopic resection. Esophagectomy was performed in 4147 cases. Concerning the approach used for esophagectomy, 33.5% of the cases were treated thoracoscopically. The operative mortality (within 30 days after surgery) was 0.65% and the hospital mortality was 3.76%. The 5-year survival rate of patients with pStage IV in UICC classification (including patients with supraclavicular node metastasis) was better than that of patients with pStage IVb in JES classification (not including patients with supraclavicular node metastasis).

We hope that this Comprehensive Registry of Esophageal Cancer in Japan for 2011 will help to improve all aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in Japan.

Contents

  1. I.

    Clinical factors of esophageal cancer patients treated in 2011

    1. 1.

      Institution-registered cases in 2011

    2. 2.

      Patient background

      • Table 1 Age and gender

      • Table 2 Primary treatment

      • Table 3 Tumor location

      • Table 4 Histologic types of biopsy specimens

      • Table 5 Depth of tumor invasion, cT (UICC TNM 7th)

      • Table 6 Lymph node metastasis, cN (UICC TNM 7th)

      • Table 7 Distant metastasis, cM (UICC TNM 7th)

      • Table 8 Clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

  2. II.

    Results of endoscopically treated patients in 2011

    • Table 9 Details of endoscopic treatment for curative intent

    • Table 10 Complications of EMR/ESD

    • Table 11 Pathological depth of tumor invasion of EMR/ESD specimens

    • Figure 1 Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD

    • Figure 2 Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD according to the pathological depth of tumor invasion (pT)

    • Figure 3 Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD according to the lymphatic and venous invasion

  3. III.

    Results in patients treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in 2011

    • Table 12 Dose of irradiation (non-surgically treated cases)

    • Table 13 Dose of irradiation (surgically treated cases)

    • Figure 4 Survival of patients treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

    • Figure 5 Survival of patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy according to clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

    • Figure 6 Survival of patients underwent radiotherapy alone according to clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

  4. IV.

    Results in patients who underwent esophagectomy in 2011

    • Table 14 Treatment modalities of esophagectomy

    • Table 15 Tumor location

    • Table 16 Approaches to tumor resection

    • Table 17 Video-assisted surgery

    • Table 18 Fields of lymph node dissection according to the location of the tumor

    • Table 19 Reconstruction route

    • Table 20 Organs used for reconstruction

    • Table 21 Histological classification

    • Table 22 Depth of tumor invasion, pT (JES 10th)

    • Table 23 Pathological grading of lymph node metastasis, pN (JES 10th)

    • Table 24 Pathological findings of lymph node metastasis, pN (UICC 7th)

    • Table 25 Pathological findings of distant organ metastasis, pM (JES 10th)

    • Table 26 Residual tumor

    • Table 27 Causes of death

    • Figure 7 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy

    • Figure 8 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to clinical stage (JES 10th)

    • Figure 9 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to clinical stage (UICC 7th)

    • Figure 10 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to the depth of tumor invasion, pT (JES 10th)

    • Figure 11 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to lymph node metastasis, pN (JES 10th)

    • Figure 12 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to lymph node metastasis, pN (UICC 7th)

    • Figure 13 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to pathological stage (JES 10th)

    • Figure 14 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to pathological stage (UICC TNM 7th)

    • Figure 15 Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to residual tumor (R)

I. Clinical factors of esophageal cancer patients treated in 2011

Institution-registered cases in 2011

Institution

Ageo Central General Hospital

Aichi Cancer Center

Aichi Medical University Hospital

Aizawa Hospital

Akita Kouseiren Hiraga Hospital

Akita University Hospital

Arao Municipal Hospital

Asahikawa Medical College Hospital

Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital

Chiba Cancer Center

Chiba Medical Center

Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital

Chiba University Hospital

Chigasaki Municipal Hospital

Dokkyo Medical University Hospital

Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center

Eiju General Hospital

Foundation for Detection of Early Gastric Carcinoma

Fuchu Hospital

Fujioka General Hospital

Fujisawa Shounandai Hospital

Fujita Health University

Fukui Prefectural Hospital

Fukui University Hospital

Fukui-ken Saiseikai Hospital

Fukuoka Dental College and Dental Hospital

Fukuoka Saiseikai General Hospital

Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital

Fukuoka University Hospital

Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital

Fukushima Medical University Hospital

Fukuyama City Hospital

Fussa Hospital

Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center

Gifu University Hospital

Gunma Central General Hospital

Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center

Gunma University Hospital

Gunmaken Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital

Hachinohe City Hospital

Hakodate Goryokaku Hospital

Hakodate National Hospital

Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, University Hospital

Hannan Chuo Hospital

Heartlife Hospital

Higashiosaka City Medical Center

Hino Memorial Hospital

Hino Municipal Hospital

Hiratsuka City Hospital

Hiratsuka Kyosai Hospital

Hirosaki University Hospital

Hiroshima City Asa Hospital

Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital

Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital

Hiroshima University Hospital

Hitachi General Hospital

Hofu Institute of Gastroenterology

Hokkaido University Hospital

Hyogo Cancer Center

Hyogo College of Medicine

Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital

Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital

Iizuka Hospital

Imazu Surgical Clinic

Inazawa City Hospital

International University of Health and Welfare Hospital

International Goodwill Hospital

Isehara Kyodo Hospital

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital

Iwakuni Medical Center

Iwate Medical University Hospital

Iwate Prefectural Chubu Hospital

Iwate Prefectural Isawa Hospital

Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital

Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital

Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital

Japanese Red Cross Nagaoka Hospital

Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital

JCHO Kyushu Hospital

JCHO Osaka Hospital

Jichi Medical University Hospital

Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center

Juntendo University Hospital

Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital

Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital

Kagawa Rosai Hospital

Kagawa University Hospital

Kagoshima Kenritsu Satsunan Hospital

Kagoshima University Hospital

Kameda General Hospital

Kanagawa Cancer Center

Kanazawa Medical University Hospital

Kanazawa University Hospital

Kansai Medical University Hospital

Kansai Rosai Hospital

Kasamatsu Hospital

Kashiwa Kousei General Hospital

Kawasaki Medical School Hospital

Kawasaki Medical School Kawasaki Hospital

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital

Nara Hospital Kinki University Faculty of Medicine

Nara Medical University Hospital

National Cancer Center Hospital

National Cancer Center Hospital East

National Center for Global Health and Medicine

National Defense Medical College Hospital

National Hospital Organization Beppu Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Chiba Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Chiba-East-Hospital

National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-higashi Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Cancer Center

National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Kanmon Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center

National Hospital Organization Matsumoto Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center

National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital

National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center

Niigata Cancer Center Hospital

Niigata City General Hospital

Niigata Prefectural Shibata Hospital

Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital

Nikko Memorial Hospital

Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital

Nippon Medical School Hospital

Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital

Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital

Nishi-Kobe Medical Center

Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital

NTT WEST Osaka Hospital

Numazu City Hospital

Obihiro Kousei General Hospital

Ogaki Municipal Hospital

Ohta General Hospital Foundation Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital

Oita Red Cross Hospital

Oita University Hospital

Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital

Okayama University Hospital

Osaka City University Hospital

Osaka Hospital of Japan Seafarers relief Association

Osaka International Cancer Institute

Osaka Medical College Hospital

Osaka Police Hospital

Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka General Medical Center

Osaka Red Cross Hospital

Osaka University Hospital

Otsu City Hospital

Otsu Red Cross Hospital

Rinku General Medical Center

Ryukyu University Hospital

Saga University Hospital

Saga-ken Medical Center Koseikan

Saiseikai Fukushima General Hospital

Saiseikai Kyoto Hospital

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital

Saiseikai Yahata General Hospital

Saitama Cancer Center

Saitama City Hospital

Saitama Medical Center

Saitama Medical University Hospital

Saitama Medical University Saitama Medical Center

Sakai City Medical Center

Saku Central Hospital

Sanin Rosai Hospital

Sano Kousei General Hospital

Sato Clinic

Sendai City Hospital

Sendai Medical Center

Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital

Shikoku Cancer Center

Shimane University Hospital

Shimizu Welfare Hospital

Shin Beppu Hospital

Shinko Hospital

Shizuoka Cancer Center

Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital

Shizuoka General Hospital

Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital

Showa University Hospital

Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital

Social Insurance Omuta Tenryo Hospital

Social Insurance Tagawa Hospital

St. Marianna University School of Medical Hospital

St. Luke’s International Hospital

Sugita Genpaku Memorial Obama Municipal Hospital

Suita Municipal Hospital

Takasago Municipal Hospital

Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center

Teikyo University Hospital

Tenri Hospital

The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR

The Jikei University Daisan Hospital

The Jikei University Hospital

The Research Center Hospital for Charged Particle Therapy of NIRS

Tochigi Cancer Center

Toho University Ohashi Medical Center

Toho University Omori Medical Center

Toho University Sakura Medical Center

Tohoku Kosai Hospital

Tohoku University Hospital

Tokai University Hachioji Hospital

Tokai University Hospital

Tokai University Tokyo Hospital

Tokushima Red Cross Hospital

Tokushima University Hospital

Tokuyama Central Hospital

Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital

Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital

Tokyo Medical University Hospital

Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center

Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital

Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Corporation Toshima Hospital

Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center

Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital

Tokyo University Hospital

Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital

Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East

Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center

Tonan Hospital

Tone Chuo Hospital

Toranomon Hospital

Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital

Tottori University Hospital

Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital

Toyama University Hospital

Toyonaka Municipal Hospital

Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital

Tsukuba University Hospital

Tsuruoka Municipal Shonai Hospital

University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine

University of Miyazaki Hospital

Urasoe General Hospital

Wakayama Medical University Hospital

Yamagata Prefectural and Sakata Municipal Hospital Organization

Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital

Yamagata Prefectural Shinjo Hospital

Yamagata University Hospital

Yamaguchi University Hospital

Yamaguchi-ken Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital

Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital

Yamanashi University Hospital

Yao Municipal Hospital

Yokohama Chuo Hospital

Yokohama City Municipal Hospital

Yokohama City University Medical Center

Yokohama Rosai Hospital

  1. (Total 300 institutions)

Patient background

Table 1 Age and gender
Table 2 Primary treatment
Table 3 Tumor location
Table 4 Histologic types of biopsy specimens
Table 5 Depth of tumor invasion, cT (UICC TNM 7th)
Table 6 Lymph node metastasis, cN (UICC TNM 7th)
Table 7 Distant metastasis, cM (UICC TNM 7th)
Table 8 Clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

II. Results of endoscopically treated patients in 2011

Table 9 Details of endoscopic treatment for curative intent
Table 10 Complications of EMR/ESD
Table 11 Pathological depth of tumor invasion of EMR/ESD specimens
Fig. 1
figure 1

Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD

Fig. 2
figure 2

Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD according to the pathological depth of tumor invasion (pT)

Fig. 3
figure 3

Survival of patients treated with EMR/ESD according to the lymphatic and venous invasion

III. Results in patients treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in 2011

Table 12 Dose of irradiation (non-surgically treated cases)
Table 13 Dose of irradiation (surgically treated cases)
Fig. 4
figure 4

Survival of patients treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy

Fig. 5
figure 5

Survival of patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy according to clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

Fig. 6
figure 6

Survival of patients underwent radiotherapy alone according to clinical stage (UICC TNM 7th)

IV. Results in patients who underwent esophagectomy in 2011

Table 14 Treatment modalities of esophagectomy
Table 15 Tumor location
Table 16 Approaches to tumor resection
Table 17 Video-assisted surgery
Table 18 Fields of lymph node dissection according to the location of the tumor
Table 19 Reconstruction route
Table 20 Organs used for reconstruction
Table 21 Histological classification
Table 22 Depth of tumor invasion, pT (JES 10th)
Table 23 Pathological grading of lymph node metastasis, pN (JES 10th)
Table 24 Pathological findings of lymph node metastasis, pN (UICC 7th)
Table 25 Pathological findings of distant organ metastasis, pM (JES 10th)
Table 26 Residual tumor
Table 27 Causes of death
Fig. 7
figure 7

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy

Fig. 8
figure 8

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to clinical stage (JES 10th)

Fig. 9
figure 9

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to clinical stage (UICC 7th)

Fig. 10
figure 10

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to the depth of tumor invasion, pT (JES 10th)

Fig. 11
figure 11

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to lymph node metastasis, pN (JES 10th)

Fig. 12
figure 12

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to lymph node metastasis, pN (UICC 7th)

Fig. 13
figure 13

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to pathological stage (JES 10th)

Fig. 14
figure 14

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to pathological stage (UICC TNM 7th)

Fig. 15
figure 15

Survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy according to residual tumor (R)