Abstract
Halyomorpha halys (Stål) is a highly polyphagous plant pest native to eastern Asia. Since its accidental introduction to the USA in the mid-1990s, it has spread across North America and caused serious economic damages. Chemical control has been a widely applied management strategy which is not sustainable on a long-term basis. A nine-year survey using sentinel and naturally laid H. halys was conducted to investigate the extent of natural biological control by parasitoids in managed and non-managed landscapes in northern Delaware, USA. Naturally laid egg masses of native pentatomids were collected to compare the resident parasitoid complex to the one attacking H. halys eggs. Mean parasitism rates of sentinel eggs were below 6% in any given year of the survey with a grand mean of 1.79%. Parasitism of naturally laid H. halys eggs was higher than that of sentinel eggs, but there was no significant difference in parasitism between years and the grand mean was 4.31%. Parasitoid species richness on sentinel and naturally laid H. halys eggs was similar but both were lower than the richness on native pentatomid eggs. H. halys eggs were parasitized by eight species in the genera Anastatus, Trissolcus, Telenomus, and Ooencyrtus. The level of parasitism by native egg parasitoids is insufficient to provide long-term control of H. halys. Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead), an Asian egg parasitoid that has been recovered in the USA in several locations since 2014, may be the most promising candidate for long-term biological control of H. halys.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Adam Mitchell, Ariel Heminger, Laura Newhard, Christopher Ramage, Caroline Blaylock, Zachary Schumm, Amanda Stout, Jessica White, Brian Cutting, and the rest of the BIIR BMSB team for their technical assistance. We thank Dr. Matthew Buffington and Dr. Elijah Talamas (USDA/ARS Systematic Entomology Laboratory) for their input on the taxonomic aspect of this study and assistance with specimen identifications. This study was supported by US Department of Agriculture—National Institute of Food and Agriculture—Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDA–NIFA–SCRI) grant #2011-51181-30937. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
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Communicated by T. Haye.
Special Issue: The brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys an emerging pest of global concern.
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Dieckhoff, C., Tatman, K.M. & Hoelmer, K.A. Natural biological control of Halyomorpha halys by native egg parasitoids: a multi-year survey in northern Delaware. J Pest Sci 90, 1143–1158 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0868-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0868-6